Projecting NFL win totals off QB Tiers
OK,
Kansas City Chiefs, your starting quarterback is
Alex Smith. That's a pretty good deal when
Brian Hoyer or
Matt Cassel is throwing passes for the other team, but you're instantly running a fat deficit when
Aaron Rodgers or
Ben Roethlisberger is carving up your secondary. That's no shot at Smith, either. We could substitute the names of eight or 10 other quarterbacks earning $15 million a year or more.
Along those lines, the discovery that the
New England Patriots face the NFL's
easiest lineup of opposing quarterbacks got me thinking about the other half of the equation. The fact that the Patriots get to play most of their quarterback-friendly schedule with
Tom Brady on their side creates a much bigger advantage. The magnitude of those weekly imbalances influences game outcomes to varying degrees.
Defenses, running games and supporting casts provide critical context for quarterback performance, but there's no ignoring how frequently teams with good quarterbacks beat teams less equipped at the position. In 2014, teams with Tier 1 quarterbacks (as determined by a panel of league insiders before last season) won 90.9 percent of their games against teams with Tier 4 starters. Teams with second-tier quarterbacks beat teams with Tier 3 starters 58.6 percent of the time. Applying these tier-based percentages to the 2015 schedule (
using results from the 2015 survey) proved to be a fun exercise -- especially if you're a fan of the Patriots,
Indianapolis Colts and a couple of well-armed teams that missed the playoffs with losing records last season.
2015 Quarterback Tiers results
• Tier 1 (6): Aaron Rodgers, Tom Brady,
Andrew Luck, Ben Roethlisberger,
Peyton Manning,
Drew Brees
• Tier 2 (8):
Philip Rivers,
Russell Wilson,
Tony Romo,
Joe Flacco,
Matt Ryan,
Eli Manning,
Matthew Stafford,
Cam Newton
• Tier 3 (10):
Carson Palmer, Alex Smith,
Ryan Tannehill,
Andy Dalton,
Colin Kaepernick,
Derek Carr,
Jay Cutler,
Nick Foles,
Sam Bradford,
Teddy Bridgewater
• Tier 4 (8):
Marcus Mariota,
Jameis Winston,
Blake Bortles,
Robert Griffin III,
Josh McCown, Brian Hoyer, Matt Cassel,
Ryan Fitzpatrick (Fitzpatrick was in the fourth tier of the 2014 survey, so his Tier 4 grade carried over once an injury knocked out
Geno Smith)
Setting expectations for 2015 (almost to the good stuff)
Teams with Tier 1-2 quarterbacks in the 2014 survey combined to post a 98-39 record (.715) record against all other quarterbacks. Perhaps instructively, Tier 2 quarterbacks posted a 12-10 record against their Tier 1 brethren, while those in Tier 4 went 6-4 against those in Tier 3. This suggests the most important cutoff falls between the second and third tiers. We can see this intuitively given that multiple quarterbacks in the second tier -- Russell Wilson, Eli Manning and Joe Flacco -- have won championships, while those falling in the lower tiers have not.
If the tier-vs-tier winning percentages carried over from 2014 to 2015, the Patriots would expect to win a league-high 74.6 percent of their games, provided Brady started all season. He might not start every game, so in the breakdowns that follow, I've taken into account what suspensions of various length might mean.
QB-centric projected win rates and totals (the good stuff)
The figures below are not predictions. They represent a loose approximation of what team winning percentages might look like if the quarterback tiers projects of the past two seasons really did explain game outcomes. Even with these disclaimers, there is a strong .691 statistical correlation between our tiers-based projected totals and the win totals posted for betting by the Las Vegas Hotel. Teams are ranked in order of projected quarterback-driven winning percentage. Tiers-driven projected win totals come next, followed by Vegas win totals.
1. Patriots (.746, 11.9 wins; 10 Vegas wins): The projected winning percentage would drop to .664 if Brady missed the first four games and his backup,
Jimmy Garoppolo, performed at a Tier 4 level (that is where voters slotted two other unproven players, Mariota and Winston). The winning percentage would be .669 if Brady missed the first three games, .695 if he missed the first two and .720 if he missed the opener only. Expectations for the Patriots' early opponents also would change, but New England would still rank among the top few regardless.
2. Colts (.740, 11.8 wins; 10.5 Vegas): The Colts are another team with a Tier 1 quarterback and a schedule packed with lower-tier starters. They play a league-high nine games against teams with Tier 4 starters.
3. Saints (.665, 10.6 wins; 8.5 Vegas): How quickly can the Saints improve their defense and ground game? That's the question, because they've been so bad on defense in particular that Brees' generally productive play hasn't been enough, and coaches have noticed desperation creeping into his decision-making. The Saints appear interested in de-emphasizing the position, but if they continue falling behind, they'll have to throw at a high rate.
4. Falcons (.654, 10.5 wins; 8.5 Vegas): The Falcons have been on the same plane as the Saints, losing games despite ranking among the league leaders in quarterback performance from a statistical standpoint. There's no way Atlanta or New Orleans will live up to these projected winning percentages without getting at least average performance from their defenses and ground games.
5. Steelers (.649, 10.4 wins; 8.5 Vegas): Pittsburgh's opponents allowed 20.8 points per game last season, the second-lowest total for any team's 2015 opponents. Fortunately for the Steelers, they're loaded on offense, with Ben Roethlisberger playing well enough to jump from the second tier last year to the first tier in 2015.
6. Panthers (.647, 10.3 wins; 8.5 Vegas): Cam Newton barely made the cutoff for the second tier. Moving him into the third tier would drop expectations to 6.0 wins.
Kelvin Benjamin's injury makes Newton's job tougher.
7. Giants (.641, 10.3 wins; 8 Vegas): It's looking as though the Giants' defense could be bad enough to crush these 10-win dreams (a couple of evaluators I spoke with were taken aback by the Giants' showing in the preseason opener).
8. Cowboys (.633, 10.1 wins; 9.5 Vegas): If you're among those who contacted me saying Romo should have been in the top tier, I've got you covered. The Cowboys' projection would jump to 10.6 wins in that case.
9. Broncos (.624, 10.0 wins; 10 Vegas): There's some thought Peyton Manning could play more like a second-tier quarterback. That would drop the projection to about nine wins.
9. Packers (.624, 10.0 wins; 11 Vegas): This projection is on the low side in part because Green Bay faces six second-tier quarterbacks this season, tied for the third-highest total. And because second-tier quarterbacks went 12-10 against their first-tier brethren last season, the formula has the Packers winning less than half of those in 2015.
11. Ravens (.617, 9.9 wins; 9 Vegas): Like the other Tier 2 quarterbacks, Flacco plays at a top-tier level sometimes, but not consistently.
12. Chargers (.598, 9.6 wins; 8 Vegas): Make it 10.7 projected wins if Rivers moves into the top tier (he was the highest-ranked quarterback in the second tier).
13. Seahawks (.576, 9.2 wins; 11 Vegas): A great defense and running game up the expectations for Seattle. I come out with 10-11 wins for the Seahawks when I go through their schedule.
14. Lions (.565, 9.0 wins; 8.5 Vegas): The Lions think a vastly improved running game will push Stafford (Tier 2) to new heights.
15. 49ers (.430, 6.9 wins; 6.5 Vegas): Moving Kaepernick from the third to second tier would change the production to 9.0 wins.
16. Rams (.428, 6.9 wins; 8 Vegas): One of the NFL's best defenses could help the Rams exceed this projection. Moving Foles from the third to second tier would up the projection to 9.7 wins.
17. Cardinals (.425, 6.8 wins; 8.5 Vegas): If healthy, Palmer could be the most underrated quarterback in the survey. He landed in the third tier instead of the second only because he's coming off a torn ACL. Moving him into Tier 2 would improve the projected win total to 9.2, just above Vegas' projected 8.5.
18. Vikings (.421, 6.7 wins; 7.5 Vegas): The Vikings join Detroit and Green Bay as the only teams to face zero Tier 4 quarterbacks.
19. Bears (.419, 6.7 wins; 6.5 Vegas): Cutler is getting paid as though he's a solid Tier 2 starter. Moving him up from the third tier would push up the projection past nine wins, assuming Chicago's defense improves.
20. Bills (.411, 6.6 wins; 8.5 Vegas): Buffalo won nine games last season with a top-five defense and a backup quarterback. Can the Bills do it again?
21. Bengals (.407, 6.5 wins; 8.5 Vegas): That 6.5-win projection jumps to 10 if Andy Dalton moves from the third to second tier.
22. Jets (.405, 6.5 wins; 7.5 Vegas): The model makes little distinction between outcomes for quarterbacks in the third and fourth tiers. For that reason, the Jets' projection remains flat even if Fitzpatrick ascends into the third tier.
23. Eagles (.400, 6.4 wins; 9.5 Vegas): This difference between this total and the preseason Vegas total is the largest for any team in the league, but not if we upgrade Bradford from the third tier into the second. That would produce a 10-win projection.
24. Raiders (.397, 6.4 wins; 9.5 Vegas): Oakland has four games against opponents with Tier 1 quarterbacks. No other team has more, but that would change if Peyton Manning slipped into the second tier.
24. Chiefs (.397, 6.4 wins; 8.5 Vegas): A strong defense and top-notch coaching make that 6.4-win projection seem low. Ten wins would be the projection if Alex Smith were in the second tier instead of the third.
26. Dolphins (.382, 6.1 wins; 9 Vegas): Early reports from Miami suggest Tannehill could move toward the second tier. Placing him there would pump up the projection into the 11-win range.
27. Browns (.381, 6.1 wins; 6.5 Vegas): It's tough to envision the Browns getting better than fourth-tier production from the position.
28. Texans (.373, 6.0 wins; 8.5 Vegas): The Texans could be a bit like the Chiefs from defense and coaching standpoints. If we gave them a Tier 2 quarterback -- think
Matt Schaub at his best -- the projection would jump past 10 wins.
29. Titans (.367, 5.9 wins; 5.5 Vegas): Moving Mariota upward into the third tier would not change the projected win total much, but a bigger jump into the second tier would produce an 11-win season in the projection. Imagine that.
30. Redskins (.350, 5.6 wins; 6 Vegas): With Griffin already banged up, Washington could wind up getting backup-level play.
31. Jaguars (.317, 5.1 wins; 5.5 Vegas): This is right in line with Vegas expectations. I did speak with a quarterback recently who thought Bortles would make a big jump this season in part because of improved fundamentals.
32. Buccaneers (.312, 5.0 wins; 6 Vegas): Vegas has Tampa Bay at 6.0 wins. Pretty obvious question here: Can Winston outplay his current spot in the fourth tier?