Modern humans have existed for 300,000 years but Abrahamic religions are only 3500 years old
- Thread starter Maximus Rex
- Start date
When you aren't answering we go into what is called a circularity.You’re right at this point this is circular…
I asked you to explain the history of the VOC and CIW. And what is called the Gouden Eeeuw.
What you do is take snippets out of history, explain nothing and want everyone to believe the narrative you created around those snippets you take from history.
The problem is that you leave out 99% of all the other recorded world history.
You now have to explain these:
The book that opened America
Historie naturael ende morael van de Westersche IndienBREnkhuizen Jacob Lenaertsz Meyn colophon Haarlem printed by Gillis Rooman 1598 8vo With a woodcut decoration on the titlepage Vellum ca 1700 7 398 8 ll
Extremely rare pamphlet designed to reassure potential investors in the Dutch West India Company
Copye van seker articulen beraemt inde vergaderinghe vande bewindthebberen ende gecommitteerde der hooftparticipanten vande WestIndische Compagnie binnen AmsterdamBRAmsterdam 1623 Small 4to Sewn through 2 holes in a modern ca 1900 reddishbrown paper wrapper 8 pp
Death sentence against Petrus Vuyst, former Governor of Ceylon
Sententie gewezen by den Wel Ed Raade van India tegens den Heere en Mr Petrus Vuyst gewezene gouveneur van Ceylon Geeumlxecuteert tot Batavia den 19 Mey 1732BRBatavia 1732 4to Original blue wrappers 12 pp
Obligation contract for plantations in Essequebo and Demerary, signed during the zenith of the colonial plantation economy
Signed negotiation contract dated 1769 for an obligation of 1000 gulden for plantations in Rio Essequebo and Rio DemeraryBRAmsterdam 1 November 1769 Folio 42 x 265 cm Disbound 3 1 blank pp
Portuguese proposal to return Brazil to the Dutch
Propositie ghedaen ter vergaderinghe van hare hooghmog d39heeren Staten Generael der Vereenichde Nederlanden in 39s Gravenhage den XVIen Augusti 1647BRNetherlands 1647 4to With a woodcut decoration built up from arabesque typographic ornaments on titlepage and a woodcut decorated initial Modern...
Usselincxs refutation of Spanish claims to end the VOCs free passage<BR>in and trade in the East and West Indies
Onpartydich discours opte handelinghe vande IndienBRca 1608 4to Modern blue paper wrappers blank label on the front wrapper 8 pp
An urgent call for the merger of the Dutch East and West India Companies
Twee deductien aengaende de vereeninge van d39Oost ende WestIndische Compagnien aen de Heeren Staten van Hollandt ende WestVrieslandt vande WestIndische Compagnie overgelevertBRThe Hague Jan Veely 1644 Small 4to With a woodcut on the titlepage showing a Dutch ship in full sail Reddishbrown wove...
What is there to explain is jurisprudence. We have to go by different cases, in oder to understand the root cause of this Act. How it came about etc…Moors not being subject to laws governing blacks and slaves is pretty clear. What’s there to explain? Earlier it was you who posted the Negro law and this act is in direct response to that law and states that the Moors specifically are exempt from the laws blacks were under. The only way this is necessary is if both were black (in appearance). You’ll just deflect from this by misdirecting
Basically you should be able to write an entire essays or book about this one particular subject.
No public school system teaches any of that what you addressed here. But that doesn't mean it not available. They teach white historic representation, and white representation only. The same way they have not thought Peruvian history.“It’s not hidden”
The American public educational system teaches nothing about the Moors, let alone them once being exempt from laws black people were under. They never show any of the pictures of black people in Europe before slavery and never mention any of these “African” communities sprinkled all over Europe etc.. Everything is swept under the rug when it comes to what they actively teach the masses…
Funny how someone that has been on their own intellectual high horse all thread still doesn’t understand that Charles is the English version of Carlos and V/the Fifth is the English version of Quinto? You’re literally asking me why he’s referred to by his name in English in some places and in other places his real name in the language he spoke? Do you not understand that the Carlos Quinto in that picture is this guy:
OR
So, what can you tell about the Inca's and the implication why Carlos Quinto is portrayed as a person with dark skin who possible is an Inca, who you claim is Carlos V. But what is the symbology behind this transition of power of the region?
Who is Atahualpa and who are the other Inca emperors?
Atahualpa
Atahualpa (Atawallpa) was the last ruler of the Inca Empire. He reigned from 1532 until his capture and execution by the invading Spanish forces led by Francisco Pizarro in 1533. The troubled Incas...
www.worldhistory.org
"Carlos V appears as the successor to Atahualpa, and Carlos IV – the last king represented – figures as the 25th Inca emperor of Peru."
How can one ethnicity go from one to the next, without any of further explanation? What type of pseudo intellectual circular babble is this?
You have not explained any of this, nor have you explained Inca history, of the genealogy of the “Inca family tree”. The clue is obviously in the “Inca family tree” and the colonization of the Inca region (which is called Peru now).
"The name Peru is derived from a Quechua word implying land of abundance, a reference to the economic wealth produced by the rich and highly organized Inca civilization that ruled the region for centuries."
Peru | History, Flag, People, Language, Population, Map, & Facts
Peru, country in western South America. Except for the Lake Titicaca basin in the southeast, its borders lie in sparsely populated zones. Peru has a great diversity of climates, ways of life, and economic activities. The capital is Lima. Learn more about the country, including its history...
www.britannica.com
If these are fake histories told by cac's you at least need to be able to tell what and when, by who to substantiate your arguments.
Genealogy of the Inca rulers and their Spanish successors from Manco Capac, the first Inca king, to Ferdinand VI of Spain, c.1750 (panel) (Genealogie der Inkaherrscher und ihre spanischen Nachfolger von Manco Capac, der erste Inka König, Ferdinand VI von Spanien, c.1750 (Platte))
Genealogy of the Inca rulers and their Spanish successors from Manco Capac, the first Inca king, to Ferdinand VI of Spain, c.1750 (panel)
Genealogy of the Inca rulers and their Spanish successors from Manco Capac, the first Inca king, to Ferdinand VI of Spain, c.1750 (panel)
www.meisterdrucke.uk
So now the images made by these cac's are no longer valid when we start to go deeper into the history of the meaning of these images? Simply because you are not deep ponderer, but a surface level thinker. What is it you know about the history of Peru and Pervians?Now am I more inclined to believe cacs whitewashed a historical black person or Peruvians blackwashing or holding a black washed painting of a white person in their museum?
Conferencia Rocío Quispe-Agnoli: «Los Incas hablan en México: conversaciones indígenas hemisféricas en el siglo XVIII
Conferencia Rocío Quispe-Agnoli: "Los Incas hablan en México: conversaciones indígenas hemisféricas en el siglo XVIII" - Elba
La conferencia «Los Incas hablan en México: conversaciones indígenas hemisféricas en el siglo XVIII», impartida por Rocío Quispe-Agnoli el lunes 18 de diciembre de 2017 a las 17:00 en Casa de América, es la octava ponencia del IV Seminario de Escrituras Virreinales: “El archivo colonial...
enlosbordesdelarchivo.com
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“You now have to explain these”
Everything is explained in the act itself:On January 20, 1790, a petition was presented to the South Carolina House of Representatives from a group of four individuals who were subjects of the Moroccan emperor and residents of the state. They desired that if they happened to commit any fault amenable to be brought to justice, that as subjects to a prince allied with the United States through the Moroccan–American Treaty of Friendship, they would be tried as citizens instead of under the Negro Act of 1740.
The Free Moors, Francis, Daniel, Hammond and Samuel petitioned on behalf of themselves and their wives Fatima, Flora, Sarah and Clarinda.[1] They explained how some years ago while fighting in defense of their country, they and their wives were captured and made prisoners of war by an African king. After this a certain Captain Clark had them delivered to him, promising they would be redeemed by the Moroccan ambassador residing in England, and returned to their country. Instead, he transported them to South Carolina, and sold them for slaves. Since then, "by the greatest industry," they purchased freedom from their respective masters. They requested that as free born subjects of a Prince in alliance with the U.S., that they should not be considered subject to a state law (then in force) known as the negro law. If they be found guilty of any crime or misdemeanor, they would receive a fair trial by lawful jury.[2] The matter was referred to a committee consisting of Justice John Faucheraud Grimké, General Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and Edward Rutledge.
The Free Moors, Francis, Daniel, Hammond and Samuel petitioned on behalf of themselves and their wives Fatima, Flora, Sarah and Clarinda.[1] They explained how some years ago while fighting in defense of their country, they and their wives were captured and made prisoners of war by an African king. After this a certain Captain Clark had them delivered to him, promising they would be redeemed by the Moroccan ambassador residing in England, and returned to their country. Instead, he transported them to South Carolina, and sold them for slaves. Since then, "by the greatest industry," they purchased freedom from their respective masters. They requested that as free born subjects of a Prince in alliance with the U.S., that they should not be considered subject to a state law (then in force) known as the negro law. If they be found guilty of any crime or misdemeanor, they would receive a fair trial by lawful jury.[2] The matter was referred to a committee consisting of Justice John Faucheraud Grimké, General Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and Edward Rutledge.
To avoid explaining why a people who were not black would have been in fear of being under the same laws blacks were you keep misdirecting.. slavery was about skin color and here comes some moors saying they shouldn’t be tried under the same laws blacks were. Why? Because they were black…
Semantics. Actively avoiding teaching certain parts of history (especially ones that paint black people in a positive light)is the definition of a coverup..
More misdirectionsSo, what can you tell about the Inca's and the implication why Carlos Quinto is portrayed as a person with dark skin who possible is an Inca, who you claim is Carlos V. But what is the symbology behind this transition of power of the region?
Who is Atahualpa and who are the other Inca emperors?
Atahualpa
Atahualpa (Atawallpa) was the last ruler of the Inca Empire. He reigned from 1532 until his capture and execution by the invading Spanish forces led by Francisco Pizarro in 1533. The troubled Incas...
"Carlos V appears as the successor to Atahualpa, and Carlos IV – the last king represented – figures as the 25th Inca emperor of Peru."
How can one ethnicity go from one to the next, without any of further explanation? What type of pseudo intellectual circular babble is this?
You have not explained any of this, nor have you explained Inca history, of the genealogy of the “Inca family tree”. The clue is obviously in the “Inca family tree” and the colonization of the Inca region (which is called Peru now).
"The name Peru is derived from a Quechua word implying land of abundance, a reference to the economic wealth produced by the rich and highly organized Inca civilization that ruled the region for centuries."
Peru | History, Flag, People, Language, Population, Map, & Facts
Peru, country in western South America. Except for the Lake Titicaca basin in the southeast, its borders lie in sparsely populated zones. Peru has a great diversity of climates, ways of life, and economic activities. The capital is Lima. Learn more about the country, including its history...
If these are fake histories told by cac's you at least need to be able to tell what and when, by who to substantiate your arguments.
Peru Royal Chronology Nsuccession Of The Rulers Of Peru Beginning With The Inca Emperors From Manco Cpac To Atahualpa And Ending With The Spanish Kings Carlos V To Ferdinand Vi Spanish Painting 18Th C
So now the images made by these cac's are no longer valid when we start to go deeper into the history of the meaning of these images? Simply because you are not deep ponderer, but a surface level thinker. What is it you know about the history of Peru and Pervians?
And you’re still pretending that Charles V isnt the English translation of Carlos Quinto and insisting that it might be two different people
The Incans were conquered by the Spanish and that is what represents the changeover from the Incan kings to Carlos Quinto. And the list from Carlos Quinto forward represents the succession of the Kings of Spain. The next guy after Carlos is his son, Philip II. After Philip II, comes his son, Philip III. After Philip III comes his son, Philip IV. After Philip IV comes his son, Carlos II. Carlos was not able to have children so after much wrangling around it fell on Philip V. It’s literally following the succession of The Kings of Spain
So what we have is a painting in Peru depicting the Hapsburgs as a people of color. You believe cacs and I don’t. You do you tho
As excepted you can't answer why those old Dutch documents exist, so you had to spew more gibber jabber. lol
That site has hundreds classical documents digitized and archived from the last 400 years. But oh well, let's ignore it. lol
So you are now claiming the VOC and WIC didn't exist? Although there is evidence of this in Africa, the Americas and Asia. You are basically trying to tell us Peter Stuyvesant didn't exist? Or what about Piet Heijn? You now have to be able to explain what Orange Nassua is and how this came into existence?
Piet Heyn | Spanish Armada, Caribbean Raids, Privateering
Piet Heyn was an admiral and director of the Dutch West India Company who captured a Spanish treasure fleet (1628) with 4,000,000 ducats of gold and silver (12,000,000 gulden, or florins). That great naval and economic victory provided the Dutch Republic with money to continue its struggle against
www.britannica.com
The Netherlands and Scandinavia in North America (text version) :: New Netherland Institute
A text timeline listing key events from the arrival of the Norsemen to the departure of the Dutch.
Is all of this history false as well? lol smh
Sad you have to retort to Wikipedia as a source as your "evidence", instead of a peer reviewed and or actual academic source, with actually historical jurisprudence.
Anyway, now we have to go by the four individuals who were subjects of the Moroccan emperor and residents of the state.
Who were these people and what was their lineage…
An African king? What African king? Does this African king have a name? Where from Africa did this took place, if so? Why do these people have English names? We need more on these people is what I am saying...
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Certain parts of history are attached to other parts of history. You can't take whatever part and make it into whatever you like. You've basically taken 1% of history and avoid to address the 99% of history, that is untold by you. And you’re voiding explanations.
That's problematic. lol smh
I am not suggesting anything, it's you who has to backup these claims with solid data. If Carlos V appears as the successor to Atahualpa, you have to explain why he's depicted the same as the people in the new world. What is the symbology behind this?
Atahualpa
An 18th century CE idealised portrait of the last Inca ruler Atahualpa, r. 1532-1533 CE. (Brooklyn Museum, New York)
www.worldhistory.org
The Incas were indeed conquered by the Spanish, and the aristocrats in Peru still are the dominant class.
You fail to explain why these people who are now the ruling class still look the same as the Iberians from of hundreds years ago, as well as mixed mestizos.
It's up to you to show the evidence that Carlos Quinto is Carlos V, and why his name was changed. And why in the new world they depicted him different, if truly so.
Philip I | Spanish Monarchy, Reconquista, Isabella I
Philip I, king of Castile for less than a month before his death and the founder of the Habsburg dynasty in Spain. Philip was the son of the future Holy Roman emperor Maximilian I of Habsburg and Mary of Burgundy. At his mother’s death (1482) he succeeded to her Netherlands dominions, with
www.britannica.com
Philip II | Biography, Accomplishments, Religion, Significance, & Facts
Philip II, king of Spain (1556–98) and Portugal (1580–98) who was a champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation. During his reign the Spanish empire attained its greatest power, extent, and influence, though he lost the ‘Invincible Armada’ in the attempted invasion of England (1588).
www.britannica.com
Philip III | Habsburg Dynasty, Spanish Empire, Portuguese Empire
Philip III king of Spain and of Portugal (as Philip II) whose reign (1598–1621) was characterized by a successful peaceful foreign policy in western Europe and internally by the expulsion of the Moriscos (Christians of Moorish ancestry) and government by the king’s favourites. Philip was the son of
www.britannica.com
Philip IV | Habsburg Dynasty, Reformation, War of the Spanish Succession
Philip IV king of Spain (1621–65) and of Portugal (1621–40), during the decline of Spain as a great world power. He succeeded his father, Philip III of Spain, in 1621, and, for the first 22 years of his reign, Philip’s valido, or chief minister, was the Conde-Duque de Olivares, who took the spread
www.britannica.com
Philip V | Biography, Accomplishments, & Facts
Philip V, king of Spain from 1700 (except for a brief period from January to August 1724) and founder of the Bourbon dynasty in Spain. During his reign Spain regained much of its former influence in international affairs. Learn more about Philip’s reign and accomplishments in this article.
www.britannica.com
The Peru painting is not depicting the Habsburg, it's depicting the Genealogy of the Inca rulers and their Spanish successors.
In other words the colonization and the reason why there is now an aristocratic group (cac's) similar to those that colonized the region. You most likely have never read a book about the Inca, the history of Peru and Latin America as a whole. lol smh
This hiding behind if you don't believe me, you believe in cac's. Is a high school dropout argument. I presented to you facts that are challenging your pseudo claims. It this is just the beginning of the problems I am presenting to you. People in many countries have regional recorded histories that go against your claims. That it the issue you are dealing with.
If all this is fake, what is the purpose?
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More tangentsMore tangents you’re trying to run off on?
I bring up the moors running with George Washington and you bring up an English name for the moor (William Lee). Yet now you’re asking me why moors have an English name lol
All you’re doing is moving the goalposts to avoid the obvious. The only people who would need a law absolving them from being under the same laws blacks were are people who also appeared to be black..
Typing just to type at this point
Why do I have to explain this when I’m the one claiming he’s black?
Why aren’t you explaining why a European king is being depicted as black instead of pretending they were talking about someone else yet still following the same succession of Spanish kings that came after Carlos Quinto name by name?
This is what happens when dishonest people are backed into a corner. They put up hoop after hoop after hoop as a way to misdirectCarlos is the Spanish name for Charles and Quinto means 5 yet you’re asking me to prove that they’re the same people? His successors name is Felipe Segundo. Felipe is the Spanish name for Philip and Segundo is spanish for second. Again, the list goes from following the Incan kings succession to the European Spanish successional line of kings after the Spanish colonized the Incans.
Carlos Quinto was a Hapsburg and the list depicts him as black. Period. No amount of goalpost moving will change that. That doesn’t mean someone has to look at that and automatically believe it but to deny it altogether? That’s cac shyt
Whitewash black civilizations so as to take their achievements and accomplishments for themselves. And ultimately and most importantly, ownership over the lands
So Willem Usselincx never existed? lol
More tangents you’re trying to run off on?
Do you not understand that you are off? You can’t take a snippet from history and crate your own narrative around it, while leaving out 99% of the history attached to it.
Willem Usselincx (1567-ca 1647)
Koopman die streed tegen Spanje, ontwerper en medeoprichter van de West-Indische Compagnie (WIC). Usselincx werd opgeleid in de handel en werkte vermoedelijk als agent voor verschillende handelshuizen in onder andere Spanje, Portugal en op de Azoren. Hij was afkomstig uit Antwerpen en vestigde...
www.pzc.nl
“South Africa: Tracing South-African and Dutch history through the VOC”.
South Africa: Tracing South-African and Dutch history through the VOC
Digitised and transcribed documentations of the daily lives of Dutch people in South Africa during the Dutch East India Company period are becoming available.
Where did the VOC operate?
“The VOC started operating in India and South Asia in general. Over the next century, it expanded its operations to Mauritius, South Africa, Indonesia, Taiwan, Japan, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam.”
What was the VOC? The Dutch East India Company explained
The Dutch East India Company gave the Netherlands international power for 200 years. But what exactly was the VOC?
dutchreview.com
Usselincxs refutation of Spanish claims to end the VOCs free passage<BR>in and trade in the East and West Indies
Onpartydich discours opte handelinghe vande IndienBRca 1608 4to Modern blue paper wrappers blank label on the front wrapper 8 pp
All these aren’t true? But your self doctored history is true? Ok.
You didn’t bring up the Moors. You gave some names, without context and history. And it’s from a Wikipedia page. That is what you did. You spoke of an alleged captain named William who allegedly sold some people? Again, without context as usual. So I’m now left to do guesswork and fill in the blanks.
I’m asking for the jurisprudence. I’m most asking for a Wikipedia page. I’m asking for primary sources.
I wonder, do you yourself understand what you are posting?
If anything l posted about the Moors. I did, not you.
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The image shows a person with dark skin, that’s all.
This is not enough and sufficient evidence.
Do you not understand that this isn’t solid proof of anything?
I have explained the history of Spain. You are making a claim that the lineage all of a sudden turned into Black, because you see a person with dark skin.
Earlier on I have posted people from the region, where the Inca empire was, until the Spaniards colonized it. These people have dark skin. They have their own unique phenotype and genotype.
Peruvian scientists use DNA to trace origins of Inca emperors
Researchers in Peru believe they have traced the origins of the Incas —the largest pre-Hispanic civilization in the Americas—through the DNA of the modern-day descendants of their emperors.
phys.org
Genetics of the modern heirs of the Inca shed new light on their origins and lineages
A multinational South American team from Peru, Brasil and Bolivia led by the Universidad de San Martin de Porres at Lima, Peru, published the first genetic study on the modern descendants of the imperial Inca lineages in the journal Molecular Genetics and Genomics.
phys.org
Genetic ancestry of families of putative Inka descent
This study focuses on the descendants of the royal Inka family. The Inkas ruled Tawantinsuyu, the largest pre-Columbian empire in South America, which extended from southern Colombia to central Chile. The origin of the royal Inkas is currently unknown. ...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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It’s dishonest when you base your pseudo theories on a single picture, that has no further explanation.
If these is a 5ft, it means there’s also a 4rd, 3rd, 2nd and 1st. That was and is the point I’m making.
And I’m not talking about Felipe (Philip).
And I know second is segundo on Spanish. But that’s not the point.
The person depicted has dark skin. In your delusional narrow minded mind this makes him a Black man. You avoid the actual argument, which is why was he depicted like that in the new world after the Spanish colonizers brought an end to the Inca empire. In my humble opinion this is a symbolic image.
Who was Carlos V?
"First of all", asks the curious traveller, "Who was Carlos Quinto?" Before answering the question, I must increase your confusion by specifying that in Spain, although he has always been known as Carlos Quinto (Charles the Fifth), his real title was King Charles I of Spain. He was the grandson of Isabel and Ferdinand, who expelled the Moors, masterminded of the Inquisition, and financed Christopher Columbus- voyages. Their daughter Juana married the Hapsburg prince Philip, whose home was in Ghent, where Charles was born in 1500. Philip came to live in Castile with his wife, Queen Juana, but many disliked the idea of a foreigner inheriting the throne, which may well have been the cause of his sudden death in 1506...”
Whether the handsome Philip was assassinated or not, Juana went mad with grief (she was known thereafter as "Juana La Loca") and had to be shut away for the rest of her long life. Her son Charles was brought up by his grandparents in Ghent, and when he reached the age to ascend to the throne, he was sent to Spain to take his mother's place as Charles I of Castile in 1516.
But, soon after, he also inherited from his grandfather the throne of the Holy Roman Empire (which was the rather pretentious name given to Germany), as Charles V, in Spanish "Carlos Quinto". Charles always used this title second, as in political terms it was inferior - Spain was then the first world power - since while his poor insane mother lived (even though she was hidden away in the cell of a monastery, sleeping on the floor in her own excrement) she continued to be the Queen. Charles, therefore, although recognized as King, was in reality the Regent until she died in 1555, just several months before his own abdication.”
Alhambra - Palace of Carlos Quinto | Andalucia.com
The granadinos have always called it the Palacio de Carlos Quinto, but its real name is the Casa Real de la Alhambra - the Royal Manor of the Alhambra. It is, well... big, and solidly built, much bigger and more solid than the earlier Moorish palaces which it was set down among
www.andalucia.com
Dum Diversas - June 18, 1452
“Pope Nicholas V issued the papal bull Dum Diversas which authorised Alfonso V of Portugal to reduce any “Saracens (Muslims) and pagans and any other unbelievers” to perpetual slavery. This facilitated the Portuguese slave trade from West Africa.”
The Doctrine of Discovery, 1493 | Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History
The Doctrine of Discovery, 1493 | <p><a href="/sites/default/files/content-images/GLC04093_0.jpg"><img class="full" alt="Demarcation bull, granting Spain possession of the New World, May 4, 1493." src="/sites/default/files/imagecache/inline-2col-float/content-images/GLC04093_0.jpg" title="Pope...
www.gilderlehrman.org
Where is Black civilization whitewashed?Whitewash black civilizations so as to take their achievements and accomplishments for themselves. And ultimately and most importantly, ownership over the lands
The closest this argument comes in to ancient Egypt. But the evidence is too overwhelming that it was a Black civilization. Moors were expelled from Spain and other parts of Europe. But somehow some Black king ruled over Spain and other parts of Europe? Make it make sense…
"Hispanicized black (ladinos) of Moorish descent were expelled from Spain and brought to Puerto Rico by the Spaniards in the early 1500s. Large numbers of enslaved black Africans were introduced to the island after 1519, mostly from several West African tribal regions."
Dr. Edna Acosta-Belen, Distinguished Professor in the Departments f Latin American, Caribbean, and U.S. Latino Studies (LACS) and Women's Studies at the University at Albany
“The digital archive connects the study of the past with controversies and debates that matter to the present. It provides a tool to learn more about the historical realities of enslaved people of African origin in c. 1450-1550, as well as to engage with the visible and invisible marks which they have left on the urban fabric of Lagos and Lisbon and the very different meanings that they have for the Portuguese society.”
A Digital Archive of Contested Legacies
iberianhistory.web.ox.ac.uk
International African Institute
The IAI publishes the long established and prestigious journal, Africa, the annual Africa Bibliography, the International African Library series, the African Arguments series; and the Readings in… series, for use in tertiary level teaching of African studies.
www.internationalafricaninstitute.org
And there is by far more on African (Black) civilization. Such as:
Jenne-Jeno, Archaeology of
'Jenne-Jeno, Archaeology of' published in 'Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology'
link.springer.com
West African Neolithic
ABSOLUTE TIME PERIOD: Varies by region. In the Sahel and northern savanna: 4000–2000 B.P. Chronology for beginning of food production involving yams in the savanna-forest zone is unknown. Neolithic may continue until 1000 B.P. in some areas,...
link.springer.com
Astronomy as Practiced in the West African City of Timbuktu
Islam was introduced to West Africa over a millennium ago as a result of trade with North Africa and other parts of the Middle East. Islamic scholarship thrived in the city of Timbuktu in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. During this time West African scholars...
link.springer.com
The Islamic Intellectual Tradition of Sudanic Africa, with Analysis of a Fifteenth-Century Timbuktu Manuscript
The chapter shows how African Muslim scholarly voices demonstrate the continent’sContinent depth of intellectual inquiry, and an engagement with globalGlobal Islamic discoursesDiscourses in a variety of disciplinaryDisciplinary specializations. It shows how...
link.springer.com
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He's white in the painting because he looks just like the next white king with red hair but from a different angle. It's a 300 year old painting with bad lighting, not a black king
I just
your nonsense away because you’re trying to get me to chase your tangentsHow a convo works is you bring something, explain its connection to what we’re discussing, then maybe pose a question. What youre actually doing is posting 5 links with no explanation and demanding I explain it all lol. Pass
I was the first one in this thread that posted about the moors
I brought them up and brought an act that exempted them from the same laws blacks were under and you’ve been moving goalposts ever since so you don’t have to acknowledge how certain blacks were under negro laws and others weren’t. I bring one moor and you call him “William Lee”. I bring 4 more moors and you ask me to explain why they have English names lol. Your whole schtick is to keep moving the goalposts or posting 5 different things demanding explanations to all of them. All so you can avoid acknowledging what’s right in front of you
Yes so maybe this time you’ll explain why a supposed white Spanish king and his descendants are being depicted as dark skinned in a Peruvian museum.
And before you go there, I don’t care about your hangups on the term “black” vs “dark skinned” either. Carlos Quinto is supposed to be a pasty cac but they depict him as dark skinned. And the further down you go on the list after the European takeover the whiter they get…
You’re literally typing just to type
- he has always been known as Carlos Quinto (Charles the Fifth), his real title was King Charles I of Spain. He was the grandson of Isabel and Ferdinand, who expelled the Moors,
This is what you brought despite you earlier trying to use this same thing as a way to misdirect. Earlier you were saying it might be two different people. Earlier it was “why the name change?” Now that’s what he was always known as but his real title was different.
“It’s symbolic”
So “symbolically” they start off with Carlos Quinto being dark skinned then “symbolically” lighten the following emperors until they’re white?
Lets see who King Ferdinand and Isabel actually expelled:
It doesn’t say Moors were expelled now does it? Dum diversas wasn’t even about expelling anyone. It was about the exploration of the world and the enslavement of the people they found around the world who weren’t believers in their fake religion.. That’s why Carlos V is holding a Bible in the Incan kings list painting:
They felt that because the Incans (in this example) didn’t believe in their fake god that it gave them the right to conquer, enslave, and take all their resources away. And going by this depiction it wasn’t cacs doing this to a “people of color” but a “people of color” doing this to another “people of color”. And the same year they made at decree of expelling Jews is the same year they sent Columbus to the Americas.. No coincidence
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That's indeed a good argument. Not that this argument has no validation, because it does. But all the other individuals have darker skin as well, while some are indeed white.
