Yes, it was 5 years ago today that Kenji Yamamoto, the longtime composer and arranger for the Dragon Ball franchise, was fired by Toei for plagiarism that had been around for about 20 years. Wow. Time really passed by so quickly.
To understand how and why did this happen to Yamamoto, we have to start at the beginning. Yamamoto's link with the Japanese music industry began when he was hired by Toei as a music arranger for the Dragon Ball franchise in 1987. His very first project was on With a Blazing Heart: Defeat the Red Ribbon Army, the insert song to episode #065 of the show.
His role on the show expanded even further when Dragon Ball evolved into Dragon Ball Z in 1989. For the next four years, Yamamoto worked as an arranger on many of the songs in the show, including the opening and ending themes (CHA-LA HEAD-CHA-LA and Come Out, Incredible ZENKAI Power! respectively), all the DBZ movie ending themes up until Movie 9, the ending themes to the Bardock and Trunks specials, insert songs such as Mind Power …Ki… and Day of Destiny: Spirit Vs. Spirit (from episodes #139 and #184 respectively),and all the albums in the DBZ Hit Song Collection Series from Vol. 1 to Vol. 16. The same year DBZ premiered, he composed his first song: Battle Colored Warriors, the insert song to episode #020. Many of his arrangements featured the multi-talented Hironobu Kageyama on lead vocals. The two struck up a friendship in 1989, and have been friends since.
Then in 1991, Yamamoto composed and arranged what is generally regarded as his opus: Battle Point Unlimited. The song originally appeared on Vol. 6 of the Hit Song Collection, and became more well-known when it was played twice as the insert song of episode #120, when Future Trunks battled a revived Frieza. Songs that were composed by Yamamoto were usually performed by him and his band, which was called Monolith.
During this time, Yamamoto crossed over to other Shows from Toei, including the Super Sentai series. He was the arranger on the Fiveman, Zyuranger, Dairanger, and Kakuranger shows. He would go on to be a composer for Bakuryuu Sentai Abaranger. He also arranged the opening theme to Bishoujo Kamen Poitrine, the 11th entry in the Toei Fushigi Comedy Series franchise. He even worked on non-Toei shows, including Kiteretsu Encyclopedia and Bomberman B-Daman Bakugaiden.
In 1993, Yamamoto added video game music to his resume, when Dragon Ball Z: Super Butoden, his first composition for a DBZ video game was released for the Super Nintendo. There was another Kenji Yamamoto who worked on video game music, but he had nothing to do with the one known for DBZ, and his name used different Kanji (山本 健誌 instead of 山本健司).
In 2002, Dragon Ball Z Budokai was released on Playstation 2 in the United States. This was when Yamamoto's music started getting more exposure outside of Japan. It also became something of a pastime on forums to point out that there was one thing many of his compositions had in common: They all sounded suspiciously similar to many western rock 'n' roll songs. For instance, Challengers from DBZ Budokai sounded like Hunting High and Low by Finnish band Stratovarius and Battle Point Unlimited from DBZ sounded like three different songs from the German band Propaganda. Now, it had never been an uncommon thing for musicians in Japan to compose similar sounding music, almost to the point of ripping off. In fact, trying to compile a list of video game BGM tracks that sound just like real songs would fill up an entire book. However, there was something about Kenji Yamamoto that set him apart from all the others.
In 2009, Yamamoto was announced as the composer for the refurbished and remastered Dragon Ball Kai. In 2010, the shows' English dub debuted in America with his BGM. Unfortunately, this was the beginning of the end for Yamamoto. The plagiarism in his composition was becoming way too obvious, and right off the bat, a few of his tracks were discovered to have been rip-offs of Hollywood movie scores (I.E. Terminator: Salvation, Avatar and Elizabeth).
In 2011, the fallout began. On March 7, Nippon-Columbia announced that Vol. IV of the soundtrack to Dragon Ball Kai was cancelled indefinitely. It was supposed to have been a "Best Of", featuring 76 tracks, including 6 previously unreleased. Two days later, it was a done deal. After 24 years with them, Yamamoto was shown the door by his bosses at Toei. Toei then issued a statement that they had now acknowledged muisc in Dragon Ball Kai, that possibly infringed other peoples' works. Fuji TV was at episode #095 of the refurbished Cell arc, and had three more to go until the series was over. The timing of Yamamoto's termination could not have been anymore coincidental, as yet another two days later on March 11, Japan was devastated by a massive combination of earthquakes and tsunamis. Dragon Ball Kai had to be preempted on March 13, and the Yamamoto BGM that they had ready to go for the last three episodes was hastily replaced with the Shunsuke Kikuchi BGM from Dragon Ball Z. Eventually, the rest of the series' BGM would follow suit. Many fans, even those who were otherwise fans of the Kikuchi BGM, criticized the placement of the cues; the fact that only a portion of his music had been converted from analog to digital didn't help either. Japan, on the other hand, couldn't have cared less; they welcomed back the Kikuchi BGM with wide-open embrace. Episodes #096 and #097 respectively aired on March 20 and 27, while #098 was exclusive to DVDs and Blu-Rays.
In addition, they had to go back and replace the Yamamoto BGM on the DBZ video games. Japan has always been known to take controversies like this VERY seriously (There was also the time singer Noriko Sakai, who narrated the Pokemon short Pichu and Pikichu, was arrested for a drug abuse scandal in 2009, and her narration was removed from ALL further reissues of the short).
In 2012, Hironobu Kageyama decided not to renew his contract with Nippon-Columbia, since Yamamoto was no longer involved with the Dragon Ball franchise. Supposedly, Yamamoto disappeared from the public eye after March 2011. However, that's not true as he arranged music for a Japan tribute album, after the events of March 11. He also continutes to arrange music for Kageyama, and in a statement that he released only privately, he said that he was banned from ever composing music for obvious reasons.
After Yamamoto was fired, Toei hired saxophonist Norihito Sumitomo to replace him. He composed music for Dragon Ball Kai 2.0, the two new DBZ movies in Battle of Gods and Revival of F, and Dragon Ball Super. Since then, Toei has also tried their best to make sure that something like this will never happen again.