Great thread and can't stand how this type of history is not taught in schools. I taught it to my students as it is the culminating event in the nadir period as blacks fought back against multiple race riots and demonstrated vast agency in that summer. Other powerful race riots that need this type of attention are the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot and the 1910 Jack Johnson race riots that occurred all over the nation when he won the championship. The key part of these events is that blacks in every instance fought back and whooped ass of anyone that brought state sponsored and private white terrorist violence to their community. Red Summer indeed...