Doctor John Somerville built the hotel for the first West Coast convention of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in 1928. The hotel provided first-class accommodations for African Americans in segregated Los Angeles, who were denied comparable lodging elsewhere.
Although the hotel was also known for top notch musical performances in its dining room area, the owners didn’t receive a cabaret license until 1931, well after Somerville had sold the hotel to Lucius Lomax. Somerville sold the hotel due to financial difficulties after stock market crash of 1929, and the name was changed to the Dunbar in honor of the poet Paul Lawrence Dunbar.
Dr. John A. Somerville himself was a leader in the fight for full civil rights for African Americans in Los Angeles during the early twentieth century.
Jamaican-born, in 1907 he became the first African American student to graduate from USC’s School of Dentistry. In 1918 his wife, Vada Watson, whom he had met while she was an undergraduate at USC, became the second African American to graduate from USC with a degree in dentistry.