I don't know, "hate" is a strong word but Chuck does legit seem to hate Jimmy or at least envies him to the point where he wants to see him living poorly which is pretty shytty of him.
The dinner scene and the aftermath with his ex-wife was a perfect example of the dynamic going on between them. Chuck is smart as fukk and he was trying to use his intelligence to show off for his wife at the dinner table but along comes Jimmy who is much more personable. Yeah, he's kind of a loser but he's personable, charismatic, can talk his ass off, intelligent on the low and naturally funny. He had Chuck's wife's panties wet at the dinner table with all his lawyer jokes and bullshyt.
Chuck tries to be funny with her later on while their in bed and she's like
.... that type of shyt eats away at a guy like Chuck. "I'm smart, I do everything the right way, he's nothing, why is he LOVED more than me? Why is he so liked? Why does everything come EASIER for him? How does he get away with it?!"
It's incredible writing