Jehoiakim was appointed king by Necho II, king of Egypt, in 609 BC, after Necho's return from the battle in Harran, three months after he had killed King
Josiah at
Megiddo.[5] Necho deposed Jehoiakim's younger brother
Jehoahaz after a reign of only three months and took him to
Egypt, where he died.
Jehoiakim ruled originally as a vassal of the Egyptians, paying a heavy tribute. To raise the money he "taxed the land and exacted the silver and gold from the people of the land according to their assessments."[6]
However, after the Egyptians were defeated by the Babylonians at the
battle of Carchemish in 605 BC,
Nebuchadnezzar II besieged Jerusalem, and Jehoiakim changed allegiances to avoid the destruction of Jerusalem. He paid tribute from the treasury in Jerusalem, some temple artifacts, and handed over some of the royal family and nobility as hostages.[5] In the
Book of Daniel,
Daniel is described as being one of these.
Rabbinical literature describes Jehoiakim as a godless tyrant who committed atrocious sins and crimes.
He is portrayed as living in incestuous relations with his mother, daughter-in-law, and stepmother, and was in the habit of murdering men, whose wives he then violated and whose property he seized. He also had tattooed his body.
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