@MansaMusa can you explain to me on why intra-trade in Africa is so low??? I mean it is ridiculous that it is when that is a MUST along with industrialization...
Anyways, as of recently I was reading up on the 13 colonies. And one of the reasons why we even have an America today is because the 13 colonies CONSTANTLY traded with one another instead of directly with Britain/England. Unlike with Africans who still trade DIRECTLY with the West while little within the continent. Anyways intra-trading with the 13 colonies allowed them to be a united front against a powerful enemy i.e British.
Why can't Africans do what the 13 colonies did?
To add on to what
@Frangala and
@MansaMusa correctly said I think that we can also consider all the trade deals African countries have with are geared towards what they can export to developped markets, meaning to the EU and the US, which are not the same products that for example Chad or Gambia need. I studied some of these deals some time ago and while I don't remember the details it was made clear by our university professor that the deals allowed less taxes fro raw goods but not for manufactured goods for example. And obviously African countries can not enjoy a period of protectionnism like developped countries did, so it's complicated to develop a local industry when you're up against US, EU, Chinese, etc...industries that have lower costs all things considered. So you end up specializing by default in raw goods, just like your neighbouring countries, so...
It can also be tied with the Structural adjustment programs of the 80-90s.
So basically it's a long-term continuum : extractive economies set up by the colonizing powers, then structural adjustment programs (neo-liberal in essence, which also led to the dismantling of educaction and health infrastructure) imposed after the debt crisis, and then trade "deals". It creates a vicious circle, because since African country A also needs manufactured goods that the neighbouring African countries B and C do not produce, African country A needs to buy it from Europe or the US, and thus needs Euros or Dollars. And the easiest way of getting those Euros and Dollars is to sell whatever goods Europe or the US want.