http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creole_language
A
creole language, or simply a
creole, is a stable natural language that has developed from a pidgin, i.e. a simplified version of a language. Creoles differ from pidgins because creoles have been nativized by children as their primary language, with the result that they have features of natural languages that are normally missing from pidgins, which are not anyone's first language.
The precise number of creoles is not known, particularly as these are poorly attested, but about one hundred creole languages have arisen since 1500, predominantly based on European languages, due to the
Age of Discovery and the
Atlantic slave trade,
[1] though there are creoles based on other languages, including Arabic, Chinese, and Malay.
The creole with the largest number of speakers is Haitian Creole, with about ten million native speakers.
The vocabulary of a creole language is largely supplied by the parent languages, particularly that of the most dominant group in the social context of the creole's construction, though there are often clear phonetic and semantic shifts. On the other hand, the grammar often has original features that may differ substantially from those of the parent languages......