2. Are Berbers/Arabs 'Black'?
Not to derail the thread or argue
but there are plenty of Black Arabs and Black Berbers
if you are saying Ancient Egyptians were not "black" as in (mostly)West African or Sub-Saharan except for some admixture/overlap between certain ethnic tribes, then i understand
but i think "black" is more of a ubiquitous term to describe a global blackness - because Nubians are "black", will be considered black by North American racial standards, but are ethnically different than their counterparts West of the continent, etc ... unless we are saying Ethiopians, Eritreans, Sudanese etc are all not black
i dont think most folks who say Ancient Egyptians were black are saying they all looked like your average Nigerian/Ghanian breh, but more so that they are not these euro-depictions we see in the mainstream, which i feel is pretty self evident based on how they depicted themselves
Meroe/Kush was definitely a "black" kingdom
my 2 cents
edit: for example - in Nuba (south of egypt, north of sudan) right now, theres plenty of brown to dark skin Nubian folks who still live there, can trace their lineage for generations ... I think most people would consider them "black" globally, but ethnically they are not FBA or West African - so i wonder if the disconnect here is some people only consider black to be the latter)