Cleopatra VII Philopator (
Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Φιλοπάτωρ; Late 69 BC
[1] – August 12, 30 BC), known to history as
Cleopatra,
[2][3] was the last active
pharaoh of
Ancient Egypt, only shortly survived by her son,
Caesarion as pharaoh. She was a member of the
Ptolemaic dynasty, a family of
Greek[4][5][6][7][8][9] origin that ruled
Ptolemaic Egypt after
Alexander the Great's death during the
Hellenistic period. The Ptolemies, throughout their dynasty, spoke
Greek[10] and refused to speak
Egyptian, which is the reason that Greek as well as Egyptian languages were used on official court documents such as the
Rosetta Stone.
[11] By contrast, Cleopatra did learn to speak Egyptian
[12] and represented herself as the reincarnation of an Egyptian goddess,
Isis.
Cleopatra originally ruled jointly with her father,
Ptolemy XII Auletes, and later with her brothers,
Ptolemy XIII and
Ptolemy XIV, whom she married as per Egyptian custom, but eventually she became sole ruler. As pharaoh, she consummated a liaison with
Julius Caesar that solidified her grip on the throne. She later elevated her son with Caesar,
Caesarion, to co-ruler in name.
After
Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, she aligned with
Mark Antony in opposition to Caesar's legal heir, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (later known as
Augustus). With Antony, she bore the twins
Cleopatra Selene II and
Alexander Helios, and another son,
Ptolemy Philadelphus (her unions with her brothers had produced no children). After losing the
Battle of Actium to Octavian's forces, Antony committed suicide. Cleopatra followed suit, according to tradition killing herself by means of an
asp bite on August 12, 30 BC.
[13] She was briefly outlived by Caesarion, who was declared pharaoh by his supporters but soon killed on Octavian's orders. Egypt became the
Roman province of
Aegyptus.
To this day, Cleopatra remains a popular figure in Western culture. Her legacy survives in numerous works of art and the many dramatizations of her story in literature and other media, including
William Shakespeare's tragedy
Antony and Cleopatra,
Jules Massenet's opera
Cléopâtre and the 1963 film
Cleopatra. In most depictions, Cleopatra is portrayed as a great beauty, and her successive conquests of the world's most powerful men are taken as proof of her aesthetic and sexual appeal.
Biography
Accession to the throne
The identity of Cleopatra's mother is unknown, but she is generally believed to be
Cleopatra V Tryphaena of Egypt, the sister or cousin and wife of
Ptolemy XII Auletes, or possibly another Ptolemaic family member who was the daughter of Ptolemy X and Cleopatra Berenice III Philopator if Cleopatra V was not the daughter of Ptolemy X and Berenice III.
[14] Cleopatra's father Auletes was a direct descendant of
Alexander the Great's general,
Ptolemy I Soter, son of
Arsinoe and
Lagus, both of
Macedon.
Centralization of power and
corruption led to uprisings in and the losses of
Cyprus and
Cyrenaica, making Ptolemy XII's reign one of the most calamitous of the dynasty. When Ptolemy went to Rome with Cleopatra,
Cleopatra VI Tryphaena seized the crown but died shortly afterwards in suspicious circumstances. It is believed, though not proven by historical sources, that
Berenice IV poisoned her so she could assume sole rulership. Regardless of the cause, she did until Ptolemy Auletes returned in 55 BC, with Roman support, capturing Alexandria aided by Roman general
Aulus Gabinius. Berenice was imprisoned and executed shortly afterwards, her head allegedly being sent to the royal court on the decree of her father, the king. Cleopatra was now, at age 14, put as joint regent and deputy of her father, although her power was likely to have been severely limited
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you like uneducated tryna spew some st0rmfr0nt propaganda shyt.
this guy posted some bullshyt from wikipedia he didnt even bother to read 
