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Website ranks Wisconsin as 'worst state for black Americans'
A news and opinion website has created an index of socioeconomic data, using 12 metrics such as infant mortality and poverty, that ranks Wisconsin as "the worst state for black Americans."
The "24/7 Wall Street" website compiled the rankings based on data including household income, the percentage of people without health insurance, educational attainment, homeownership, unemployment, incarceration rates, and mortality among infants as well as other age groups.
The report noted that Milwaukee is home to "the vast majority of the state's black population."
The findings are the latest in more than a decade of statistics and studies that show that African-Americans in Wisconsin and its largest city, Milwaukee, often find themselves at the economic and social extremes compared with the rest of the nation.
But a University of Wisconsin-Madison economics professor, who specializes in income inequality and poverty issues, criticized the presentation of the index as misleading.
"Those types of statistics have been around for a while," said Steven Durlauf.
The data in isolation give the wrong impression, Durlauf argued.
"I'm certain, for instance, that the health benefits in Wisconsin are more generous to disadvantaged people than they are in Mississippi, and that includes African-Americans," Durlauf said.
He also is familiar with studies that correlate the incarceration rates for African-Americans in Wisconsin to the "harshness of penalties" in the state, as well as its policies and disparities in access to legal assistance, compared with other states.
"The fact that one unemployment number is higher in one state than another tells you nothing of the causal role of the state's policies, culture, history or broader economic fundamentals," Durlauf said.
"The phrasing implies that the same person who lives in Wisconsin would be better off in another state. The wording ascribes causality, which implies that state does something to those people," he said.
In publishing its methodology, the website said it focused on divergences in the socioeconomic data and not whether the individual metrics themselves were among the best or worst in the 50 states.
"We ranked the size of the race gap for each measure, with the largest gap receiving the worst score," it said. It excluded any state where black residents composed less than 5% of the population.
Typical black Wisconsin households earned roughly half the white median household income, a wider income gap than in the majority of states, the website said. Wisconsin's black residents were also far less likely than white residents to have health insurance, with a gap of more than 30 percentage points.
"Black Americans in Wisconsin are at a much greater risk of death than their white peers as well, which could be due in part to poor health coverage," it said.
Black Wisconsin residents were also nearly 10 times more likely than white residents to go to prison. Black children in Wisconsin had worse educational outcomes than both their white classmates and their black peers in other states.
The 10 worst states were distributed across the nation, although the Midwest had more than its share of low-ranking states besides Wisconsin. Also on the list: Minnesota was second-worst, followed by Rhode Island, third-worst; Illinois, fourth-worst; Pennsylvania, fifth-worst; Michigan, sixth-worst; Connecticut, seventh-worst; New Jersey, eighth-worst; Kansas, ninth-worst; Arkansas, 10th-worst.
The website's editor, Douglas McIntyre, said the study was carried out by the site's full-time staffers. The results were first published last week and picked up on other online news aggregation sites likeTheHuffingtonPost.com and MSN.com.
The report noted that racial disparities exist in all parts of the United States, with black Americans on average earning 62 cents for every dollar earned by white Americans. "Black Americans are also twice as likely to be unemployed and considerably more likely to live in poverty," it said.