Cheap, clean poles, straps, and heaters: scam bots advertise guns under tweets that contain the n-word.
www.rollingstone.com
Twitter Bots Are Promising Cheap Guns to Anyone Using the N-Word
Are they undercover cops? Are they phishing scams? Or are they attempts to sow racial division?
BY MILES KLEE
MARCH 6, 2023
Specific tweets cause bots to promote a gun dealer's Telegram channel. PHOTOS IN COMPOSITE BY RICHLEGG/GETTY IMAGES; MILANARES/GETTY IMAGES; SAMUEL CORUM/AFP/GETTY IMAGES
When
Elon Musk acquired
Twitter, he made it clear that eradicating spam
bots was a top priority. But his
strategies on that front have produced, at best,
mixed results. Moreover, in recent months, some users have been plagued by a type of spam that directly violates Twitter policy: automated replies from accounts offering
guns for sale.
The bots themselves — which are constantly reported and suspended, only for new bots to take their place — appear to be activated by specific keywords. Any mention of
firearms may summon them, but
cursing and other
strong language can too. When author
Jim Wright offered somewhat profane advice to Michiganders during an ice storm, for example, a bot answered, “yooo i got cheap, clean poles 4 sale, click the link in my bio.” In rap lyrics, “pole” refers to a gun; other common euphemisms in these tweets are “heaters,” “straps,” and the water gun emoji. Twitter’s guidelines
explicitly prohibit “the promotion of weapons and weapon accessories globally.”
More unusually, some of these bots are only responsive to tweets that contain the n-word, indicating that they seek out potential buyers through a crude form of racial profiling. The context in which the word is used doesn’t matter (in fact, it’s often a casual comment), and the problem has gotten so pronounced on Twitter that it has turned into a meme among Black users
bombarded by such messages. One person complained that they see the bots more than their own family — only to be hit by another bot reply. Elsewhere, people will jokingly reply to each other’s tweets as if
they are the
gun-shilling bots.
The link the bots are pushing directs to a channel on the encrypted messaging app Telegram, which hosts a bustling underground market for
drugs and firearms. This particular channel has an undescriptive name — but hundreds of subscribers.
While some have
speculated that the Twitter bots were created by law enforcement with the aim of entrapping civilians, particularly Black people, into illegal weapons purchases (Lindsay Nichols, policy director of the Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence, also mentions to
Rolling Stone the possibility of an undercover “sting”), there’s a better than decent chance that the Telegram user is simply scamming anyone tempted by their promise of such a transaction.
Dr. Jen Golbeck, a professor at the University of Maryland’s College of Information Studies, tells
Rolling Stone that the way the bots operate “is not random at all.” She adds that they’re “clearly programmed to respond to something, probably variations on the n-word in these cases,” although “they could certainly have a set of rules so there are different words that each account looks for.” She doubts that the bots are drawn to specific profiles, as some of the accounts targeted have thousands of followers, and others very few.
And though she says the idea that feds are behind this trend is “not the worst theory,” it doesn’t ring true to Golbeck. “I’ve talked to plenty of FBI guys about this before,” she says, “and Twitter bots seem beyond their normal set of skills. Not that there aren’t people in law enforcement who could do it, but it’s more techy than normal — entrapment at scale!”
At the same time, says Dr. Liz Rodwell, an assistant professor of digital media information and logistics technology at the University of Houston, the pesky gun-peddling accounts on Twitter are themselves fairly basic. “It’s certainly easy to make bots like this — they’re not particularly sophisticated,” she tells
Rolling Stone. “The mystery is definitely who’s behind them.” There are several possible explanations for the bot scheme, she says, but the “most banal” would be that it’s “like any other kind of phishing and is about getting someone to give out their personal or financial information.”
And Dr. Kathleen Carley, a professor with the Institute for Software Research at Carnegie Mellon University, has yet another plausible answer: “This looks like a coordinated attempt at provoking harm,” she says. “There may be multiple motivations: to sow dissension, to increase polarization, to encourage racial prejudice. All of these are achieved by these messages.”
When
Rolling Stone joined the Telegram channel the Twitter bots all direct to, it contained just one message promising a sale at the end of that week. On Friday, the account owner began posting photos of handguns — mostly Glock semi-automatic pistols — advertised at prices as low as $100. They also shared partially redacted images of U.S. Postal Service delivery documents as confirmations of past gun deliveries to states including New Jersey, Michigan, Iowa, Illinois, and Maryland.