Defining the "African-American"

[$cam-U-Well_Jack$on]

Interesting thread.

 

[IllmaticDelta]

 

[IllmaticDelta]

They (that old issue negro stock of Virginians) didn't all try to become "Indians" though, so today you have people that are related where some identify as "Lumbee Indian", "Afram and Lumbee or Black Indian" and others only as "Afram". For example

(Afram identified but of the same stock as Lumbee identified people)




PenderROCK > 'PenderROCK'?


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some related sites as far as this wrinkle in afram identity goes

Scuffalong: Genealogy.

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Renegade South


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Fourth Generation Inclusive

Historical Documents of Genealogical Interest to Researchers of North Carolina's Free People of Color

Researcher -- and descendant -- of North Carolina's free people of color. See also my genealogy blog at www.scuffalong.com and www.afamwilsonnc.com, which documents the African-American history of Wilson County NC.


Lisa Y. Henderson, creator and keeper, is descended from North Carolina’s free colored HENDERSON, SKIPP, ALDRIDGE, BALKCUM, ARTIS, SEABERRY and HAGANS families and related to the free colored BURNETT, CARTER, WYNN, SIMMONS, ARMWOOD, DOVE, GREENFIELD, BUDD, PACE, JACOBS, MANUEL, BREWINGTON, SMITH and other families.

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“Native American Roots” is a blog dedicated to the genealogical and historical research of Native Americans of Granville County, North Carolina and neighboring counties. My name is Kianga Lucas and I am the author of this blog as well as a descendant of this tribal community. I hope this blog will better inform the public about the indigenous history and heritage of this region as well as aide other researchers. All content and opinions expressed in this blog are solely my own unless noted otherwise. Additionally, finding your ancestors within the research posted here does not guarantee enrollment within any Native American tribe. Tribal councils are sovereign governments and establish their criteria for enrollment.

William Solomon Bibby (1835-1916) is shown seated in the center with his wife Julia Chavis (1845-1939) and their children and two grandchildren. William Solomon Bibby is a direct descendant of Mary Bibby b. 1727. His mother was Nancy Bibby and his grandfather was Revolutionary War veteran Solomon Bibby. Julia Chavis may be a direct descendant of the previously mentioned Rebecca Chavis (1721-1768). Julia Chavis’ father was William Chavis who may have been a son of Peter Chavis. This photo was taken at the family farm in Franklin Co, NC in 1898. (My great-grandfather Edward Brodie Howell’s first wife Mary Bibby is standing on the right and the grandfather/great-grandfather of NBA coach Henry Bibby/NBA player Mike Bibby is Charlie Bibby seated on the bottom left)

Native American Roots





"Free Black" Bibbys in NC


Message Boards

• mskiangaNBA player Mike Bibby's great-grandfather is seated in the bottom left. #bibby #mikebibby #coachbibby

dibby = bibby

 

[Bawon Samedi]

This thread needs a bump. The pioneering thread of "AAgang"

 

[Neuromancer]

I'm part AA due to my family having ancestral roots in North Carolina pre-Jim Crow. So they are actually "indigenous" American Blacks who traces their roots back to slavery in America and not being descendants of new black immigrants.

Same. my grandmother, bless the dead , used to call us native black.

I'm confused as to why the definition is being mis construed. If your family has old roots here you're Black American/African-American. It makes sense.

 

[The Coochie Assassin]

I'm Native American. My race is Black.

 

[GoAggieGo.]

Dope ass thread! Appreciate all the info @IllmaticDelta

My mama’s family is from Lumberton, NC and it’s full of Lumbee’s, so it was an interesting read.

 

[GoAggieGo.]

And there's gonna be more problems to come from that. But hey just continue...

Great thread.

Homie you was calling it almost 3 years ago. Looks like it’s finally the time of reckoning...

 

[IllmaticDelta]

 

[IllmaticDelta]

In the remote Ohio town of East Jackson, which sits in the Appalachian foothills, residents have for decades identified as black – despite the fact they appear white. (they are of ADOS-african descent)

 

[GoAggieGo.]

That proud black woman

That was a great clip.

 

[IllmaticDelta]

Some related threads


Afram (AAdos) migratory, maroon, slave population, emigration, slave revolts etc..maps

https://www.thecoli.com/threads/afr...ion-emigration-slave-revolts-etc-maps.683790/


The Black Union: United States Colored Troops (USCT) Who Fought In The Civil War


https://www.thecoli.com/threads/the...oops-usct-who-fought-in-the-civil-war.564130/


Fetishzation & Exotization of US Creoles, Louisiana history & People


https://www.thecoli.com/threads/fet...f-us-creoles-louisiana-history-people.704029/



Free Black Resistance Against Slave Catchers and White Mobs

https://www.thecoli.com/threads/free-black-resistance-against-slave-catchers-and-white-mobs.697335/


“The blues are the roots, everything else is the fruits” -- Willie Dixon

https://www.thecoli.com/threads/“th...hing-else-is-the-fruits”-willie-dixon.298131/

 

[IllmaticDelta]

@xoxodede

Vintage Black American History & Culture Documentaries


https://www.thecoli.com/threads/vintage-black-american-history-culture-documentaries.597078/


@ab.aspectus


America's Most Powerful Black Families

https://www.thecoli.com/threads/americas-most-powerful-black-families.619760/

 

[IllmaticDelta]

The Black Yankees




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Richard Allen and Absolom Jones document from 1793

using the term "black" (not negro or colored) as an ethnic identifier

 

[IllmaticDelta]

They (that old issue negro stock of Virginians) didn't all try to become "Indians" though, so today you have people that are related where some identify as "Lumbee Indian", "Afram and Lumbee or Black Indian" and others only as "Afram". For example

(Afram identified but of the same stock as Lumbee identified people)




PenderROCK > 'PenderROCK'?


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another example: The Cumbos/Cumbees

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This dude/his family identifies as "african american" but makes note that there are 'white" and "indian" indentified branches who are of the same STOCK!

I am a Washington DC native with family roots in the American south and a passion for discovering new ancestors and learning their stories. As an African American, I knew that I descended from enslaved persons and likely slave owners. Through my family tree research I was surprised to discover that I also descend from free people of color, Native Americans, multi-racial persons and Melungeons. Discovering my free people of color ancestry in particular has unlocked a rich aspect of American history previously unknown to me which I am now learning more about through the lens of my own ancestry. I’ve found that researching my Cumbo ancestry in particular is exciting because of the family’s significance in American history and availability of documentation. The Cumbo family, with its various branches who today identify as black, white and Native American represents a diverse tapestry that’s quintessentially American.

I am not a professionally trained historian or genealogist. By day I work in the business and technology world. I hold an MBA from Harvard Business School and a BA in Business Administration from Morehouse College. I research in my spare time. When I realize (or am gently reminded by loved ones) that I’m spending more of my time researching the dead than enjoying the living I shut my computer down. I say all of this to say that my blog posts are from the perspective of a genealogy hobbyist with a passion for uncovering and sharing the rich history of the Cumbo family in America. I created this website to provide a place for Cumbo descendants to share and learn about our precious family history and ensure that it lives on.

Andre Kearns


60.4% African, 37.6% European, 2.0% East Asian, Native American, Other

Bio - Cumbo Family Website

The Cumbos are first documented in colonial Virginia (1619-1775), but soon migrated to the frontiers of North Carolina in pursuit of colonial land grants (1725-1775). So it’s not surprising to discover that the following project charter members trace back to Cumbo ancestors from North Carolina and not Virginia.

Cumbo deep roots are an african slave from Angola

The first documented Cumbo in the New World was a man named Emanuell Cambow, an Angolan who arrived in Jamestown, VA in the 1600s. People who can trace their Cumbo ancestry to the Colonial period in America (1607-1763) likely descend from Emanuell. With this said, note that Cumbo was also a fairly common name among slaves in colonial Virginia. As the Cumbo family grew, so did variations of the name which expanded to Cumba, Cumbaa, Cumbee, Cumby, Cumbia, Cumboe, Cumbow, Combo, Cumber and others. We hope that this website will provide a place for Cumbo descendants to share and learn about our precious family history and ensure that it lives on.

The Cumbees of Brunswick County, NC (1). This family branch traces their ancestry back to Isham Cumbee who was born a free man of color in 1802 in North Carolina. Isham lived in the Green Swamp area of Brunswick County where he had over a hundred acres of farmland and started a family. By the 1900 census, Ishom’s son Kenneth Cumbee is listed as white. Kenneth’s great granddaughter writes here about discovering that the Scottish ancestral story her family had told her was a fabrication. Her name had indeed been changed over the years, but it used to be “Cumbo”, not “MacCumbee”, and her paternal ancestors were all listed as mulatto or free people of color on census records that went back to 1790. She had her father take a Y DNA test, the results of which are now part of our project. He was a match for Haplogroup B, one of the oldest population groups in the world, originating in sub-Saharan and West Africa.

The Cumbees of Brunswick County, NC. Photo of Gilford Cumbee, b.1888, and his father, Kenneth Cumbee and family, probably taken in 1904 in Brunswick County, NC. Kenneth and his ancestors are all listed as mulatto in the census records. The Cumbees trace their direct paternal ancestry to Emanuell Cambow. Photo Source: Denise Cumbee Long

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The Cumbers of Richmond County, NC (2). This family branch traces their ancestry back to James Cumber born in Robeson County in 1855 to Ann Eliza Cumbo (b.1838) and an unknown father and who diedin Richmond County. He was raised by Ann Eliza and her husband Noah Bullard. Cumber descendants today identify as white and Native American (Lumbee). The Lumbee Tribe is the largest Native American tribe in North Carolina. Most Cumbo descended Lumbee trace back to Ann Eliza Cumbo along with her close relatives Mary Polly Cumbo Lowery, mother of historical figure Henry Berry Lowery, and Mary’s sister Christian Cumbo Oxendine. James Cumber’s paternal ancestry traces back to Haplogroup E-M2 which dates back 20,000 years to a common ancestor in Sub Saharan and West Africa.

Left to Right – Photo of Joseph Brady Cumber (1927-2010) and his father Eldridge Cumber (1895-1945). Both descend from James Cumber (1855-1937) of Richmond, NC. Photo Source: Elaine Cumber Carpenter


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The Cumbos of Northampton County, NC (3 & 4). This family branch traces back to my fifth great grandfather Britton Cumbo Sr., a free man of color born between 1776-1794. He lived in an era of oppressive “black laws” passed by the North Carolina legislature which severely restricted the rights of free people of color and were driven by growing white fears that the free colored population would grow and over-run the free white population and triggered by historical events like the Nat Turner rebellion in 1831. Fast forward to today. Britton Cumbo direct paternal descendants trace back to Haplogroup E-M2, thought they don’t match the Cumbers of Richmond County. Virtually all of the Britton Cumbo descendants I’ve uncovered through family tree research embrace a Black or African American identity. One Britton Cumbo branch, the descendants of William Frank Cumbo Jr. of Raleigh, North Carolina, identify as Native American (Tuscarora).

Left to right – Cornelius Cumbo (1877-1942) and Jordan Cumbo (1881-1964), great grandsons of Britton Cumbo Sr. of Northampton County, NC and direct paternal ancestors to Curtis Cumbo (descends from Cornelius) and Jerry Cumbo (descends from Jordan). Photo Sources: Myra Warren and Aleathea Cumbo.

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The Combos of Hertford County, NC (5). This family branch traces back to David Cumbo, a free man of color born around 1798 in Northampton County, North Carolina and who lived his life in bordering Hertford County, North Carolina. The Cumbos and other families within their community — such as the Halls, Archers, Nickens, Weavers and Manleys — formed the core of the free community of color in Hertford County. Cumbo descendants today primarily identify as African American. Many of the families from their historical free people of color community identify as Native American (Meherin). The surname morphed to Combo a generation or two following David. His direct paternal descendants trace back to Haplogroup R-M269 which dates back 5-10,000 years to Neolithic Europe. While DNA testing has uncovered many connections between Northampton and Hertford County Cumbo descendants, Y-DNA testing has been able clarify that these family branches do not appear to share direct paternal Cumbo ancestry.

Introducing the Cumbo US South Y-DNA Project - Cumbo Family Website

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these are his ancestors/cousins/immediate family