Chris Tilly, professor of urban planning at UCLA, said the extra money in the L.A. neighborhoods could definitely help people in poverty. However, he said that the growth of commercial centers could attract tourists and make prices rise, thereby displacing the people who live there now.
"It may end up hurting the poor," he said.
Manuel Pastor, director of the Program for Environment and Regional Equity at USC,
said that the Los Angeles "Promise Zone" is much more likely to gentrify than the other two urban locations chosen, east San Antonio and west Philadelphia. Already, prices are rising in Los Angeles as more and more young people want to live within the city.
For that reason, Pastor said that though some city leaders thought the exclusion of South L.A. was misguided, the White House made a smart choice by designating the L.A. neighborhoods that they did. The risk of gentrification and the high immigrant population in the city's "Promise Zone" will allow the federal government to discover how this experiment in poverty-reduction works in various settings.
"It's an investment that's not being made in the four other areas and by those grounds, it's a pretty solid investment," Pastor said.
Like Tilly, Pastor said that the most important piece will be looking at whether these funds really help low-income people who live in these areas. A "Promise Zone" had to have an average poverty rate of at least 20%. If this plan succeeds in L.A., it could be a model for what to do in places like the Mission District in San Francisco, he said.
According to the city's application, Los Angeles' funding would go toward increasing affordable housing, investing in public transit and bike lanes,
and giving people more access to career training through a partnership with the Los Angeles Community College District.
Money also would go to the L.A. Unified School District and the nonprofit Youth Policy Institute to increase support services at schools.
The initiative relies on an interconnected approach, through which cities can work to improve public housing, safety and education all at once. It was inspired by the Harlem Children's Zone project in New York, which inundated an area with resources to improve every aspect of children's lives.