The
Moors Sundry Act of 1790 was a 1790 advisory resolution passed by
South Carolina House of Representatives, clarifying the status of free subjects of the
Sultan of Morocco,
Mohammed ben Abdallah.
The resolution offered the opinion that free citizens of Morocco were not subject to laws governing blacks and slaves.
Petition from Sundry Free Moors[edit]
On January 20, 1790, a petition was presented to the South Carolina House of Representatives from a group of four individuals who were subjects of the Moroccan emperor and residents of the state. They desired that if they happened to commit any fault amenable to be brought to justice,
that as subjects to a prince allied with the United States through the Moroccan–American Treaty of Friendship, they would be tried as citizens instead of under the Negro Act of 1740.
The
Free Moors, Francis, Daniel, Hammond and Samuel petitioned on behalf of themselves and their wives Fatima, Flora, Sarah and Clarinda.
[1] They explained how some years ago while fighting in defense of their country, they and their wives were captured and made
prisoners of war by an African king. After this a certain Captain Clark had them delivered to him, promising they would be redeemed by the
Moroccan ambassador residing in
England, and returned to their country. Instead, he transported them to South Carolina, and sold them for slaves. Since then, "by the greatest industry," they purchased freedom from their respective masters. They requested that as free born subjects of a Prince in alliance with the U.S., that they should not be considered subject to a
state law (then in force) known as the
negro law. If they be found guilty of any crime or
misdemeanor, they would receive a fair trial by lawful
jury.
[2] The matter was referred to a committee consisting of Justice
John Faucheraud Grimké, General
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and
Edward Rutledge.
Free Moors Petition: Committee report[edit]
Edward Rutledge reported from the committee on the petition on the same day and the House agreed to the report, which read as follows
Vizt: "They have Considered the same and are of opinion that no Law of this State can in its Construction or Operation apply to them, and that persons who were Subjects of the Emperor of Morocco being Free in this State are not triable by the Law for the better Ordering and Governing of
Negroes and other Slaves."
[3] Because the report was not forwarded to the state Senate for concurrence, it did not have the force of law but served as an advisory opinion offering the sense of the House.
[4] The report was later published in the Charleston City Gazette and the Charleston State Gazette of South Carolina.
[5]
