Federer underwent three procedures on his knees, the first two on his left knee, in 2016 and 2020, and the third on his right knee in 2022. When he injured his knee in 2016, Federer underwent knee surgery where a key portion of tissue was removed.
[486] He was able to return to top-level play for years. However, trimming the meniscus changes the loading on the tibia, which often leads to eventual pain, more surgery, more pain, and retirement.
[486] Though it often takes a few years to fully manifest, the surfaces may eventually erode and arthritis sets in. In Federer’s case, different injuries over the years may have combined to take their toll.
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