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IllmaticDelta
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I saw this comment (from an african immigrant) on a recent Lebron in Italy video and thought to myself, at how many ADOS perceive the treatment of black foreigners in the USA by white americans, is analogous to how African or West Indians in Europe often think ADOS are treated abroad in those same places by white europeans
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voltronblack
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You know @IllmaticDelta what you are talking about is something I always had fear of happen when I read the comments of passport gang that are planing on leave America to try to get away from the systematic oppressing here both overt and covert we face in a America but doing so we may wind up becoming a buffer race/model minority for country's that are systematic oppressing native black populations like for a example France and how it treat their native black populations much like there are black immigrants that come other country's wind up turning into model minority when they get here in America.
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NPR Cookie Consent and Choices
X-Rays And Infrared Reveal The Story Of The 1st Internationally Known Black Painter
I just met Henry Ossawa Tanner. Nice trick, since he died in 1937. Tanner was the first African American artist with an international reputation. His paintings are in many museums, but I've walked past them countless times. Now, preparing for this column, I got to know a bit about his life and times (as well as new revelations about his artistic thinking) and thought I'd make the introductions.
Quite the gentleman. Born in Pittsburgh, 1859. Grew up in Philadelphia. Died an expatriate in Paris. "He saw right away that he could do better in France," says Dallas Museum of Art curator Sue Canterbury.
He was having trouble getting into the art classes he wanted — and finding teachers who'd take him on. In France, skin color didn't matter as much. He told a magazine writer, "in Paris no one regards me curiously. I am simply M[onsieur] Tanner, an American artist. Nobody knows or cares what was the complexion of my forebears."
The French liked his work. In 1897, the government bought one of his pieces for the state collections. With that rare honor his reputation soared. Museums started buying Tanners. By 1900, when mass reproductions of Christ's portrait and books on his life were circulating, curator Canterbury says, "Tanner was considered the leading European painter of religious scenes."
Henry Ossawa Tanner, Christ and His Mother Studying the Scriptures, c. 1908, oil on canvas, Dallas Museum of Art
Dallas Museum of Art
It's a lovely image, with what came to be called "Tanner blue" — a color that became his signature. Tanner's models were his wife, Jessie Olsson (Swedish American from San Francisco; she was studying opera when Tanner met her in Paris), and their son Jesse. Family influence is at the heart of Tanner's religious works. His father was a minister in the African Methodist Episcopal church. The family was highly educated, and Canterbury says their home was "a center of black cultural life," in Philadelphia.
Christ and his Mother Studying the Scriptures is one of two Tanners on view at the Dallas Museum of Art through early January. Conservation work was done on both, and X-rays and infrared photography revealed surprises and insights into the artist's thought process.
X-radiograph of Christ and His Mother Studying the Scriptures showing underlying abandoned composition.
Dallas Museum of Art
"Conservation never gets old," says conservator Laura Hartman. "There's always an 'aha!' moment." In this one, when the painting was turned horizontally, x-rays showed another composition underneath. Two draped figures in a landscape. Aha! Nobody had seen them before. Tanner gave up on them, and turned to the Holy Family instead.
The other Tanner in Dallas (both paintings presented in conjunction with the Art Bridges Foundation) was done early in his career. Scholars call this a "genre" painting — a glimpse of ordinary daily life.
Henry Ossawa Tanner, The Thankful Poor, 1894, oil on canvas, Art Bridges
Dallas Museum of Art
Religion plays a role in this piece, too. The old man reaches for the heavens with his praying hands. His prayer of thanks is so intense. The boy also concentrates, but I wonder if he doesn't fidget a little. See how the bench he sits on tilts forward?
Hartman's discoveries here show Tanner working on composition.
Henry Ossawa Tanner, The Thankful Poor, 1894, oil on canvas, with drawn overlay
Dallas Museum of Art
He moved plates and postures around to highlight the old man's hands. Once conservator Hartman removed the darkened coat of varnish, she revealed Tanner's use of many colors — bright blues, oranges, layered, scraped, sanded and textured.
Detail (photomicrograph) showing multiple colors in a marbled paint stroke from The Thankful Poor
Dallas Museum of Art
When he was 11 years old, Henry Ossawa Tanner spotted a man painting in a Philadelphia park. The boy decided he wanted to paint, too. His parents gave him 15 cents, and he bought — his words — "dry colors and a couple of scraggy brushes." Eventually he became well known and an inspiration. Working in his Paris studio, he was a role model for other painters.
Canterbury says "any African American artist who went to Europe had to make a pilgrimage to see Tanner." They saw an artist succeeding in spite of prejudice, who encouraged and helped them with advice, even money. Those first 15 cents ended up becoming a very good investment.
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I'm really thinking about launching a non-profit organization specifically for xenophobia and hate speech targeted at ADOS.
I looked at the Hate Speech Policies on Social Media -- and there is NO representative for us. No one is fighting against it.
About Twitter | Trust and Safety Council
The numerous slurs, comments and speech targeted at us GLOBALLY. It needs to be addressed.
If anyone has any resources, contacts or advice on lawyers, advisors to reach out to - please let me know.
I need to find out how to get new slurs added to hate speech databases - and how to make sure they are recognized and action is enforced on these platforms.
I looked at the Hate Speech Policies on Social Media -- and there is NO representative for us. No one is fighting against it.
About Twitter | Trust and Safety Council
The numerous slurs, comments and speech targeted at us GLOBALLY. It needs to be addressed.
If anyone has any resources, contacts or advice on lawyers, advisors to reach out to - please let me know.
I need to find out how to get new slurs added to hate speech databases - and how to make sure they are recognized and action is enforced on these platforms.
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voltronblack
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Reggie Jackson, a writer for the Milwaukee Independent and the former head griot, or oral historian, at America’s Black Holocaust Museum in Milwaukee, has a long history of military service in his family stretching back to the Civil War.
But when two of his uncles who served in World War II returned to their home state of Mississippi, they found their veteran status wasn’t enough to reap the benefits of the GI Bill passed in 1944.
This is because Jackson’s uncles were Black.
The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act provided veterans with financial aid to reduce the possibility of a post-World War II depression. But Jackson said that two components of the GI Bill — receiving free college tuition and attaining home loans under the VA Guarantee Home Loan Program — were not available to his uncles at the time.
“It just didn’t work out that way, because the federal government allowed the states to control the allocation of both programs,” Jackson said. “It’s just unfortunate.”
In many southern states like Mississippi, Black soldiers were denied access to these wealth-building programs. And when it came to college, many were denied the opportunity to attend southern state schools because of segregation. Only 12% of Black veterans born between 1923 and 1928 were enrolled in college programs, and on average spent fewer months in the programs than white veterans.
Reggie Jackson’s great-grandfather Ed Diltz is seen with his grandmother Sallie, in the late 1920s. Diltz’s sons Ervin and Grafton served in World War II, and two other sons, Frank and William, served in the Vietnam War. In many southern states, Black soldiers such as Ervin and Grafton Diltz were denied access to the GI Bill, which offered free college tuition to veterans. Many were denied the opportunity to attend southern state schools because of segregation. Credit: Courtesy of Reggie Jackson
Jackson said those two uncles never went to college. When they bought houses, they did so without government help.
These barriers continue to exact a toll on the wealth of Black Americans, who own and earn just a fraction of their white counterparts.
Today, there are increasing calls for government reparations — especially among Black Americans — for the up to 40 million U.S. residents whose ancestors endured generations of state-sanctioned slavery, and for the legal and de facto discrimination that continued after that repugnant institution officially ended in 1865.
Evanston, Illinois recently enacted a reparations program that gives $25,000 in housing assistance to certain African-American residents or their descendants harmed by discriminatory housing policies abolished in 1969.
The making of the racial wealth gap starts with slavery, but University of Wisconsin-Madison history professor Steve Kantrowitz said after the institution was formally abolished, it manifested in other ways.
Many Black Americans could not qualify for Social Security, as jobs typically held by Black workers, such as agricultural and domestic positions, were excluded from the program. Black residents also were blocked from getting some home loans and from living in the types of neighborhoods where home values were steady or rising. Such barriers made it nearly impossible for Black people to acquire and accumulate wealth at the rate of white Americans, Kantrowitz said.
“So the end of slavery didn’t mean that, that Black and white people were suddenly on an equal economic, political, civil footing,” Kantrowitz said. “It meant instead that the institution of slavery had been formally abolished, and disabilities that followed from slavery were supposed to be abolished.”
Reggie Jackson’s uncles Ervin and Grafton Diltz served in World War II. When the two returned to their home state of Mississippi, they found their veteran status wasn’t enough to reap the benefits of the GI Bill passed in 1944. Diltz’s headstone is seen here in Charleston, Miss., in Tallahatchie County, where Jackson was born. Credit: Courtesy of Reggie Jackson
Ervin Diltz served in World War II, but when he returned home to Mississippi, he was unable to benefit from the GI Bill because of racist policies that denied many Black veterans access to home loan and college tuition benefits, according to his nephew, Reggie Jackson of Milwaukee. His draft card is seen here. Credit: Courtesy of Reggie Jackson
Jackson said this wasn’t just a hindrance for his uncles. It made it difficult for the family’s generations that came afterward to acquire wealth and catch up to the white servicemen who had access to social and welfare programs.
“What it ends up doing is it takes longer for you to be able to begin to build that generational wealth in your family,” Jackson said. “As a result, you lose years, and in some cases, well over a decade of being able to build equity by being a homeowner and the benefits of that — you can use that equity to send your children to college without them having debt and things of that nature.”
That idea of compensating for lost years of wealth is where reparations come into play.
Leading the way on reparations
There is no consensus on what reparations would look like — or whether such a program is even warranted or feasible. Would it be federal or local? Would it be a check with no strings? Or indirect, like investing in schools and Black community programs? Should it go to all Black Americans or just those whose ancestors were enslaved? What would be done about the racial tensions and jealousies that such a program could spark?
Northwestern University and Evanston, Ill., are seen in this photo from 1907. Evanston approved a plan to use tax money from legal cannabis sales toward housing assistance for Black Evanston residents. This “restorative housing program” is designed to compensate for targeted acts of redlining, segregation and refusing loans to Black residents, which Evanston engaged in from 1919 to 1969. Credit: George R. Lawrence via the Library of Congress
Evanston — home of Northwestern University — approved a plan to use tax money from legal cannabis sales toward housing assistance for Black Evanston residents. The city chose a “restorative housing program” as their first initiative because of targeted acts of redlining, segregation and refusing loans to Black residents, which Evanston engaged in from 1919 to 1969.
Spearheaded by then-Ald. Robin Rue Simmons, the $400,000 program aims to increase Black homeownership and build intergenerational wealth. Qualified residents receive $25,000 toward buying a home, home improvement or mortgage assistance. Simmons left city government and now runs a nonprofit, FirstRepair, that encourages local reparations programs.
In an Aug. 10 Washington Post guest column, Simmons said 16 people have received compensation so far. She said communities should not wait for Congress to enact such a program.
A section of a 1940 Home Owners Loan Corporation map of Chicago shows how Evanston, Ill., was “redlined” in an attempt to restrict Black residents from accessing loans. A description of the red area, written in January 1940, states, “This concentration of negroes in Evanston is quite a serious problem for the town as they seem to be growing steadily and encroaching into adjoining neighborhoods.” Evanston has launched a “restorative housing program” to compensate Black residents of the city for targeted acts of redlining, segregation and refusing loans to Black residents, which Evanston engaged in from 1919 to 1969. Credit: "Mapping Inequality" project from the University of Richmond
Meleika Gardner, Evanston resident and founder of Evanston Live TV, said the program has successfully opened the country up to a conversation about reparations — something she never thought was possible for Black Americans while growing up. However, what Evanston is doing is not actually reparations, Gardner argued, but an affordable housing program, which she supports.
Gardner believes that the housing program alone is insufficient to be called reparations, and that Black residents should also be receiving cash payments.
“That’s like someone murdering your family, destroying your house, destroying your car, and then walking up to you, tossing you a quarter, and saying, ‘Well, here, this is a start,’ ” Gardner said.
Despite some community pushback along these lines, the reparations program passed 8-1 on March 22. During the City Council meeting, Simmons said this is just a first step.
“But we all know the road to repair injustice in the Black community is going to be a generation of work,” Simmons said. “It’s going to be many more initiatives, programs and more funding. What I am excited about is the new engagement, the new interest in what we’re doing.”
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Black Americans Earn 30% Less Than White Americans, While Black Households Have Just One-Eighth Wealth Of White Households
The economic status of Black Americans remains far behind their white counterparts in terms of income, net worth, home ownership, stock ownership, business entrepreneurship and other metrics, according to a new report from research and consulting firm, McKinsey Global Institute.
Striking fast food workers are joined by supporters, union members, and activists at a rally in New ... [+]
Corbis via Getty Images
Key Facts
Black workers in the U.S. earn on average, 30%, or $10,000, less than white workers, McKinsey found.
Nearly half of Black workers are employed in the healthcare, retail, accommodation and food service industries with the “vast majority” in lower-paying service roles instead of professional or managerial roles.
The annual median wage of all U.S. workers is about $42,000, 43% of Black workers earn less than $30,000 per year, highlighting how they are overrepresented in low-paying jobs.
While Black Americans are underrepresented in high-paying professions; only 5% of physicians are Black, and just 4.5% of software developers are Black.
Black entrepreneurs, on average, launch their businesses with $35,000 in startup capital and loans, versus an average of $107,000 for White entrepreneurs.
The median Black household has a net worth of about $24,000, or about one-eighth the figure of $188,000 for white households.
Key Background
McKinsey’s report highlighted that Blacks are overrepresented in low-wage vocations often without benefits and few chances for moving up the ladder. For example, more than 35% of all nursing assistants are Black, earning a median wage of $23,000 — but many are hired as independent contractors, without employee benefits. In addition, about one-third of all security guards and school bus drivers are Black, earning median wages of $26,000 and $26,500, respectively, but with few pathways for career advancement. More worryingly, many of the low-paying types of jobs held by Blacks, including cashiers, janitors, cooks and retail salespeople, could be disrupted by automation and digital tech advancements in the next few years. McKinsey estimates about 6.7 million Black workers (or 42% of the Black labor force) now hold jobs that could be subject to disruption by 2030. These people will quickly need to learn new skills.
Big Number.
$220 billion. That’s how much McKinsey estimates Black workers could gain in annual wages if Blacks achieved parity in higher-income careers consistent with their representation in the population and if racial pay gaps were eliminated within similar occupations.
What To Watch For
McKinsey recommends that some of the pay gap and the impact historical discrimination could be alleviated by, among other things, companies eliminating biases in hiring, diversifying promotion and offering young Blacks more paid apprenticeships and internships. As for young Blacks gravitating towards higher-paying careers in the near future, particularly in jobs related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), McKinsey noted only 6% of computer science and engineering students are Black. McKinsey suggests corporations could encourage more Black students to enter STEM curriculum in schools through sponsorship programs.
Tangent
The economic plight of Blacks is reflected by other metrics: at the end of 2020, the home ownership rate for Blacks was at 44% (roughly the same as in 1970), versus 74% for whites. And while 18.6% of white households own stocks, only 6.7% of Black households do. Both these factors dampen the ability of Blacks to grow wealth. Also, The U.S. Census Bureau identified about 124,000 Black-owned businesses with more than one employee, meaning they account for only 2% of the nation’s total, well below the 13% Black proportion of the U.S. population. Black-owned businesses are especially lacking in such industries as information technology, mining, oil and gas; utilities; agriculture; and manufacturing.
Crucial Quote
“Shockingly, the percentage of Black American homeownership is lower today in America than when the Fair Housing Act was passed more than 50 years ago,” stated President Joe Biden at speech commemorating the 100th anniversary of the massacre of Blacks in Tulsa, Okla.