The Jamaican Connection to Nigeria’s Famous Agege Bread
There is no question that bread plays a vital role in many cultures, and the variety of bread made from its few basic ingredients is remarkable. In Nigeria, the soft, sweet. square-loafed version known as Agege bread is a national staple, and it has a fascinating history and a strong Jamaican connection
Amos Stanley Wynter Shackleford was born in Charles Town, a Maroon community near Buff Bay, Portland, Jamaica in 1887. His father worked as a saddlemaker. When Shackleford was an elementary school student, his teacher was so impressed with Amos that he brought the young man with him when he moved to Manchester so he could continue his education. Shackleford began working for the Government Railway in 1903, and took the opportunity offered by the Nigerian Railway when it advertised for workers in Jamaica, leaving for West Africa in 1913. His interest in Nigeria was rooted in his Maroon connections and the early work of
Marcus Garvey in Jamaica.
After a brief period in Jamaica in 1917, Shackleford returned to Lagos, Nigeria, becoming the head clerk at S Thomas and Co., a Nigerian-owned lumber company, in 1918. He married the daughter of a Jamaican Baptist missionary in 1921.
Successful bakery business
Shackleford and his wife established their own bakery business, which thrived in their small community, catering chiefly to the bread demands of the Agege people. His bread was delivered in vans and buses from the bakery in Ebute-meta to Agege during this time.
As he introduced new methods of production and marketing, the business expanded to other towns in Nigeria and the Gold Coast in the 1930s. He became known as the “The Bread King Of Nigeria,” and his bread was known as “Shackleford.” He retired and sold the business in 1950.
After Nigeria gained independence in 1960, the bakery business founded by Shackleford was suspended, but after some months, other bakeries were established in the country. One of the first was launched by an Agege local, Alhaji Ayokuunu, who used the dough machine introduced by Shackleford to prepare his bread. He hired hundreds of Agege residents and paid them to sell his bread on the streets. The bread then became known as “Agege Bread” at this time, and it became famous throughout the country and the region.