In some ways more damaging then slavery itself. I honestly believe if after the civil war we were given our rights and left alone there would be no hard feelings that how woefully benevolent we are as a peopleThe failure of Reconstruction and the "Redemption " of the South is responsible for everything politically, socially, and economically that has happened to black people for the last 146 years.
Slavery doesn't make America unique as most countries in the Americas had African slaves, but that response and retaliation to Reconstruction was vile and uniquely Americana and like you said set Black people back so far behind we're still climbing out that shyt smh