As the IBGE itself acknowledges, these categories are disputed, and most of the population dislike it and do not identify with them.
[49]:1 Most Brazilians see "Indígena" as a cultural rather than racial term, and don't describe as such if they are part of the mainstream Brazilian culture;
many Brazilians would prefer to self-describe as "morenos" (used in the sense of "tanned" or "brunettes");[50] some Black and parda people, more identified with the Brazilian Black movement, would prefer to self-describe as "Negro" as an inclusive category containing pardos and pretos;[49]:2 and if allowed to choose any classification, Brazilians will give almost 200 different answers.
[49]:4
According to the American scholar Edward Telles,
[51] in Brazil there are three different systems related to "racial classification" along the White-Black continuum.
[52]:80–81 The first is the Census System, which distinguishes three categories: "branco" (White), "pardo", and "preto" (Black).
[52]:81 The second is the popular system that uses many different categories, including the ambiguous term "moreno"
[52]:82 ("tanned", "brunette", or "with an olive complexion").
[53] The third is the Black movement system that distinguishes only two categories, summing up "pardos" and "pretos" as "negros".
[52]: More recently, the term "afrodescendente" has been brought into use.
[54]