It is a function of group size, the smaller the group the more cohesive it is and the higher likelihood of survival. As many other posters have shown, these type of schemes are used worldwide, it may be a result of financial systems that are not as large and sophisticated as the US but i have read about various forms of these groups like stokvels in South Africa, Japanese housewives investment clubs and before the high inflation there were also present in Zimbabwe. Some immigrant communities have collective schemes to help repatriate their dead because of how expensive it is to send a dead body home. Native groups are not faced with the type of burden that might drive people to be part of these groups but it does not mean there aren't examples of communities coming together to save grocery stores that were almost driven out by dollar stores or even start one themselves.