I'm gonna stick with domestic policy here because they seem to have a different outlook on foreign policy and military spending but the ultra detailed stuff from them is mostly domestic.
Their plans and policies are pretty damned similar but the biggest difference principally speaking is probably Means Testing (aka conditions or requisites to receive services).
. Bernie's latest set of policies seem to remove most Means Testing altogether. Student Loan forgiveness for EVERYONE.
. Warren's plans tend to lay out similar plans but with some Means Testing. Student Loan forgiveness up to 50,000 dollars for households making $100,000 or less and than the proportions change depending on how much money above $100 K.
There are pro's and cons to both approaches.
- Eliminate Means Testing and:
. You don't lose people with needs at the margins, but you do include people who don't actually need the help.
. You simplify the application process, everyone qualifies. This should speed that part up and reduce administrative costs for the programs theoretically.
. The benefits are broadly shared which in theory ought to make it harder to attack the programs once in place (ie: Republicans can't outright repeal the ACA bc aspects of it are too broadly supported even by Republican voters). This version could be attacked by saying the program is wasting resources on people who don't need it.
- Include Means Testing and
. You may lose people at the margins, but those who don't actually need help won't receive the benefits of the program.
. The application process becomes more complicated but you reduce costs by creating a smaller pool of people that receive these benefits.
. The benefits are limited to those in need. This combats any perception of money or benefits being wasted on those without the needs. But you can attack this program at the margins by saying too many people are receiving the benefits and shrinking the program. That means less people with a vested interest in the program, less people helped by it and an easier program to shut down or divert money from.
Edit: There are also variations in how they'll try to pass their more radical legislation and address issues like the Supreme Court but each of those is worth it's own post imo and I'd probably wanna take time to go back over it all because it's been a while. Generally: Warren I believe would do away with the filibuster and court stack if I'm not mistaken. Bernie seems to be leaning more toward executive orders and separate strategies to address the supreme court that I first saw proposed from a Vanderbilt Law paper and could probably pull up old posts about with the search function if anyone is interested.