Greenwood in Tulsa wasn't killed off by the riots, but by integration and government policies

Jean toomer

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this is the part of the story they still don't like to talk about: Greenwood was rebuilt after the riots, and then destroyed again.





After all the destruction and loss of life, what survived the 1921 attack in the Greenwood district proved the most valuable and enduring in the neighborhood’s midcentury recovery: the ambition of Black entrepreneurs and landowners.

The ability of property owners to raise money by leveraging the land beneath the rubble helped seed a local economy of Black-owned businesses for the next decades, according to interviews, court filings, newspaper articles and an analysis of Tulsa County real-estate records by The Wall Street Journal.

Tulsa Race Massacre Sidelined Legacy of Black Wealth in Greenwood

Greenwood’s history since 1921 shows other obstacles that have faced Black communities. Although the massacre destroyed the neighborhood, it wasn’t the death knell for Greenwood. Even as the Red Cross was erecting tents for them, survivors began planning to rebuild. After struggling through the Great Depression, by 1940 the Black homeownership rate in the Tulsa metro area had outstripped that of white residents. In 1941, there were a little more than 240 businesses in the Greenwood section of Tulsa, according to a recent copy of the neighborhood’s application for the National Register of Historic Places.

But decades of postwar government policies, including desegregation, urban renewal, housing discrimination and the highway project, took their own toll, whittling away at Greenwood in ways that proved more difficult to recover from.

As Tulsa desegregated, Black-owned businesses often found it hard to compete on price and supply with white-owned counterparts. In the 1950s and 1960s, the Tulsa Urban Renewal Authority used funds from a federal program to demolish buildings in the name of blight removal. Government decisions to relocate businesses and run a highway through Greenwood helped empty out the neighborhood years ago. The effect, Black leaders say, has been to diminish their ability to enact policies like those potentially directing more capital to Black businesses.

“We see it in Black Wall Streets all around the country,” said Shennette Garrett-Scott, an associate professor of history and African-American studies at the University of Mississippi who studies Black finance and banking before the Depression. “These interstates bypass capital from these communities.”




im-342268

Greenwood was rebuilt, and the Black homeownership rate in the Tulsa metro area outstripped that of white residents by 1940.

Just disregard, the orgy of looting, murder, rape and arson…they built the town back up anyway…

absolutely shameful and disgraceful.
 

Professor Emeritus

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Wondering if the riots never happen how that town would flourish. And could have been around this days.
It's in Oklahoma. As others have pointed out there are 10 other ways they probably would have brought down the town between then and now. They didn't want them to succeed.
 

Ish Gibor

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They are non-ADOS so they see things through a different lens.
Some do and some don't. But I despise those that do.

Must see and I warn y'all of this immigrant bedwench, who is saying the most outrages things you've heard. It's the one with the blonde wig. All of the panel is pro-ADOS, but that one person is talking crazy. All of them went against her for talking crazy. It explains a lot if the sentiments some immigrants have. She used all the far right talking points.

 
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Ish Gibor

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Wondering if the riots never happen how that town would flourish. And could have been around this days.
Simple put, Black Americans would have run America, and Black people would have run the world. We have to look at the bigger scoop. They used the same template everywhere Black people where. They worked together to marginalize us, while Black people work again each other.

 
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Ish Gibor

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this is the part of the story they still don't like to talk about: Greenwood was rebuilt after the riots, and then destroyed again.





After all the destruction and loss of life, what survived the 1921 attack in the Greenwood district proved the most valuable and enduring in the neighborhood’s midcentury recovery: the ambition of Black entrepreneurs and landowners.

The ability of property owners to raise money by leveraging the land beneath the rubble helped seed a local economy of Black-owned businesses for the next decades, according to interviews, court filings, newspaper articles and an analysis of Tulsa County real-estate records by The Wall Street Journal.

Tulsa Race Massacre Sidelined Legacy of Black Wealth in Greenwood

Greenwood’s history since 1921 shows other obstacles that have faced Black communities. Although the massacre destroyed the neighborhood, it wasn’t the death knell for Greenwood. Even as the Red Cross was erecting tents for them, survivors began planning to rebuild. After struggling through the Great Depression, by 1940 the Black homeownership rate in the Tulsa metro area had outstripped that of white residents. In 1941, there were a little more than 240 businesses in the Greenwood section of Tulsa, according to a recent copy of the neighborhood’s application for the National Register of Historic Places.

But decades of postwar government policies, including desegregation, urban renewal, housing discrimination and the highway project, took their own toll, whittling away at Greenwood in ways that proved more difficult to recover from.

As Tulsa desegregated, Black-owned businesses often found it hard to compete on price and supply with white-owned counterparts. In the 1950s and 1960s, the Tulsa Urban Renewal Authority used funds from a federal program to demolish buildings in the name of blight removal. Government decisions to relocate businesses and run a highway through Greenwood helped empty out the neighborhood years ago. The effect, Black leaders say, has been to diminish their ability to enact policies like those potentially directing more capital to Black businesses.

“We see it in Black Wall Streets all around the country,” said Shennette Garrett-Scott, an associate professor of history and African-American studies at the University of Mississippi who studies Black finance and banking before the Depression. “These interstates bypass capital from these communities.”




im-342268

Greenwood was rebuilt, and the Black homeownership rate in the Tulsa metro area outstripped that of white residents by 1940.


Something is off here. What about the great migration after the massacres? Most of these Black people had to flee to the Northern parts.





 

karim

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Desegregation definitely played a role, breh. Many white businesses offered better prices and a larger inventory because they had better access to capital. If your customer base is no longer forced to do business exclusively with a certain demographic, they will likely diversify. :yeshrug:

Unfortunately, this will be the narrative siezed upon by right wingers during this 100yr remembrance. "They rebuilt, therefore the massacre wasn't that bad." :mjpls: I already have seen alt right cacs pushing it.
Then the problem was still segregation, in this case, segregated access to capital, not integration.
 

TheAnointedOne

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I don't like dwelling on the past too much. What's stopping us from creating a black wall street today?
 

Ish Gibor

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1) I don't like dwelling on the past too much.

2) What's stopping us from creating a black wall street today?

Before I explain, I wonder. Are you of ADOS/ FBA lineage (native Black American), or of immigrant background?
 
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Robbie3000

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Something is off here. What about the great migration after the massacres? Most of these Black people had to flee to the Northern parts.







Things were so great in the confederate states, that it created one of the largest migrations of people out of the South in the history of the country.
 

Ish Gibor

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Things were so great in the confederate states, that it created one of the largest migrations of people out of the South in the history of the country.

I don't really understand what you mean. Perhaps you can elaborate and back it up with historical data?
 

Robbie3000

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I don't really understand what you mean. Perhaps you can elaborate and back it up with historical data?

Half the black population moved out of the apartheid south between 1910 and 1970. These were rational human beings making the most rational choices for their families not some revisionist history from brain dead youtubers trying to white wash apartheid.
 
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