How are these TRO's or stays or blocks enforced? and who does it?
The TRO's enforcement has several key mechanisms and layers. For this particular case:
Legal Enforcement:
1. Contempt of Court
- Judge Ali can hold officials in contempt if they willfully disobey
- Can impose fines or other sanctions on non-compliant officials
- Personal liability possible for officials who knowingly violate order
2. Required Government Actions:
- **Must provide written notice to all grant recipients**
- **Must file compliance report by February 18**
- Must "take all steps necessary" to effectuate order
- Court retains jurisdiction to enforce compliance
Practical Monitoring:
1. Plaintiff Organizations Can:
- Report non-compliance to court
- Document any continued interference
- Seek emergency hearings if needed
- Request additional relief for violations
2. Oversight Mechanisms:
- Congress can monitor compliance
- Inspector Generals can investigate
- Career staff likely to document violations
- Media attention creates public pressure
The key enforcement mechanism is the court's contempt power, but the requirement for a compliance report by February 18 creates a clear deadline and accountability mechanism. If State Dept fails to provide proper written guidance or otherwise impedes restart of your funded programs, the court can take swift action to enforce compliance.
Remember: The government must demonstrate compliance through specific actions, not just promises.