1. We aren't certain the original maker of this intended to deceive. The story goes it was made in Germany during the early 1900's by an artist, someone saw it and was very impressed with its beauty, the artist never had the heart to say the truth and sold it to the collector. The collector assumed it to be real and it was presented as such and just assumed to be legitimate, with no actual evidence.
"According to a Swiss art historian, the bust is less than 100 years old. Henri Stierlin has said the stunning work that will later this year be the showpiece of the city's reborn Neues Museum was created by an artist commissioned by Ludwig Borchardt, the German archaeologist credited with digging Nefertiti out of the sands of the ancient settlement of Amarna, 90 miles south of Cairo, in 1912.
In his book, Le Buste de Nefertiti – une Imposture de l'Egyptologie? (The Bust of Nefertiti – an
Egyptology Fraud?), Stierlin has claimed that the bust was created to test ancient pigments. But after it was admired by a Prussian prince, Johann Georg, who was beguiled by Nefertiti's beauty, Borchardt, said Stierlin, "didn't have the nerve to make his guest look stupid" and pretended it was genuine.
Berlin author and historian Edrogan Ercivan has added his weight to the row with his book Missing Link in
Archaeology, published last week, in which he has also called Nefertiti a fake, modelled by an artist on Borchardt's statuesque wife.
Public and political enthusiasm about the find at the time gave the artefact its "own dynamic" and led to Borchardt ensuring it was kept out of the public gaze until 1924, the authors have argued."
"Other aspects of the find, which he has claimed support his theory, are the facts that the bust has no left eye, which the ancient Egyptians would have considered a sign of disrespect towards their much-loved queen, and that the first scientific reports on the discovery were not written up for 11 years."
You see this isn't technically a forgery. There wasn't an intent by the artist to deceive. However it isn't an authentically Egyptian artwork either.
Is this Nefertiti – or a 100-year-old fake?
2. "
Inconsistent with Egyptian style
He noted that the bust has no left eye, which the ancient Egyptians would have considered a sign of disrespect to their queen. He pointed out that the shoulders were cut vertically, while Egyptian artisans cut their busts' shoulders horizontally.
And he said French archeologists who were present at the 1912 dig never mentioned the find, nor did contemporary written accounts.
Berlin author and historian Edrogan Ercivan's new book,
Missing Link in Archaeology, which was published last week, adds to Stierlin's argument. Ercivan has also called the Nefertiti bust a fake, saying it was modelled on Borchardt's wife, the Guardian newspaper reported.
Both historians have said Borchardt kept the bust for 11 years before handing it over to a Berlin museum."
Nefertiti bust may be a fake: art historians
3. I actually have a PH.d in Egyptology, when I was in Egypt I looked into this. I also looked in Germany and France and UK to try to find some export record. Contrary to what people think, these things have to be recorded. Even in war time, the soldiers have to record what they were taking where the governments permit them to loot. The bust has no history. What I mean by this, is for most artifacts to be considered valid, they basically have to look right, feel right, and seem right, and have a history of the moment they were removed from the ground, until now. Anything less, means it cannot be authenticated to the best ability of archaeologist. Now sometimes if it is consistent with other styles in a perfect manner, we can say it is most probable but has a missing history. The bust meets neither of these requirements, it is inconsistent with Egyptian style of its time, you cannot find another bust like it Ancient Egypt, additionally it doesn't appear in any record, export record, military record nor import record. In otherwords, it first appears in Germany not Egypt, according to the record. This makes it impossible to authenticate as Egyptian. Now in theory it could have been smuggled in, but that isn't a tiny bust, its not the easiest thing to smuggle. So already its not likely, it is also quiet heavy, add on to the fact that if someone was willing to lie to 2 governments to sneak out an artifact where they could go to jail for, why should I believe that same person wouldn't lie to me and pass off a forgery that is of the wrong style with missing parts?
4. The bust doesn't look like Nefertiti to me. Not from what I've seen in pyramid depictions at least.
Look at the facial features, the lips, the nose, the eyes. Also look at the crown. Notice how the crown in the bust above has multiple key differences like it has a red, green, yellow and blue band around the mid-section of it, but the hieroglyph doesn't. There are alot of inconsistencies with the crown in the sculpture than with the glyph.
What I notice immediately as well, is nefertiti is depicted as someone with a clearly extreme form of prognathism where their low jaw is forward and forehead slants backwards. This is not depicted in the bust.
Nefertiti and Akenaten her husband.
Nefertiti's father is Ay, his mother is Tiye. This is queen Tiye
Note the huge difference in artistic styles between this and the bust, both are queens of egypt, but the depictions are highly different in art styles.
5. Borchardt (the guy who first has the bust), was, unethical at best, but had a reputation as a forger and a reputation for buying fakes and making fakes and trying to pass them off as real. Additionally we know for a fact other parts in support of the bust are certainly fake, we know because...
"The renowned Egyptologist Rolf Krauss, a curator at the Egyptian Museum in Berlin for more than 20 years and the custodian of the Nefertiti bust, claims that the folding altar used as compensation for the bust was fake.
Krauss theorizes that Borchardt, consumed with ambition, had the magnificent panel, with which he enticed Lefebvre, made by skilled stonemasons in Cairo.
But could the excavator have been capable of such contemptuous fraud? Some, who believe Borchardt was a hatchet man, say he could.
It is true that the scholar had been working at the German consulate general in Cairo since 1899. His official title was "academic attaché." But in reality Borchardt's job -- in the struggle against the other imperialistic powers, England, France and the United States -- was to fill Germany's museums with treasures from the days of the pharaohs.
His approach was often crude. In 1908, British Egyptologist Alan Gardiner accused him of "tactless and brusque behavior." Gardiner also claimed that the German had established a network of academic spies in the Nile Valley.
When confronted at home, the accused admitted that he had illegitimately acquired "a large number of photographs, drawings, private letters and foreign documents, and so on." In a letter to the foreign ministry, a colleague complained that a man who had "compromised German academia in such a way cannot remain in his position."
But the Indiana Jones of the German Empire survived the scandal. He was simply too good at what did. Borchardt often roamed through the souks of Cairo, where bearded merchants offered stolen antiquities for sale, as well as fakes made to look old with etching acid. Borchardt himself described the dealers' tricks. For example, it was common that "the men scratch off old paint, crush it and apply it with a binding agent."
There is even evidence that Borchardt made forgeries himself when he was a student. He imitated a cuneiform tablet and wrote logarithms onto it. A scholar fell for the practical joke.
Its interest peaked by the rumors, the restoration laboratory (set up by Italians) in Cairo examined the folding altar some time ago. When it was placed under ultraviolet light, it turned out that the supposed weathering was only a "darker base color" that had been painted onto the limestone.
"I think this is absolute proof of forgery," says Egyptologist Christian Loeben."
Mystery on the Nile: Re-Examining Nefertiti's Likeness and Life - SPIEGEL ONLINE
6. COLOR. None of the other sources mentioned this, but in addition to appearing in a German art style rather than an Egyptian one, the color is wrong. The Egyptians were often depicted in many different colors, often having a symbolic meaning. Dark brown or ruddy brown is most common. For females usually it was dark brown or yellow brown or golden brown type color. Dead were often depicted in white (like ghost white). Gods depicted in jet black like Osiris and Amun (supreme god). and Ptah depicted in green (a god), water goddess like nut in blue. The bust doesn't fall into any known category we find anywhere in egypt. It seems to be painted in a modern day flesh color of a caucasian person maybe with a tan. Now being painted tan isn't disqualifying in and of itself. It is all the other factors, mysterious history, not looking like nefertiti and appearing in a paint color we never seen before, or after.
7. The bust is made of stone, but has plaster on it. This is again, unheard of. It is also possible that the bust was modified. It could have been a bust of someone else, was changed in appearance. For instance,
" The right ear canal showed a pointed end, which suggested the use of a drill-type tool, whereas the left ear canal ended bluntly."
" The findings were inspected to possibly differentiate multiple layers of plaster. The bonding between limestone and plaster was analyzed to identify points of weakness that are potentially at risk for breaking and to provide guidance for handling of the bust. In addition, the limestone core was analyzed for homogeneity and for inclusions that could provide information to help determine the origin of the stone."
Nondestructive Insights into Composition of the Sculpture of Egyptian Queen Nefertiti with CT
8. The bust also has multiple layers, again this is uncommon. Usually they'd sculpt down a single piece of stone. They wouldn't plaster it.