Essential Afro-Latino/ Caribbean Current Events

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Miss Brasil 2017 – Monalysa Alcântara

Receiving the crown from Raissa Santana, Miss Brazil 2016 representing the state of Paraná, Monalysa maintains the title among black women. Although it has happened for two consecutive years, it is only the third time that a black candidate has won the contest.

In one of the stages, when she had 30 seconds to talk about what her “reign” would be like, the Piauí native said she wanted, through her history, to “help mulheres negras(black women) to see themselves as beautiful and show that they are capable of following their own dreams.”

Rio Grande do Sul is the state with the highest number of titles in Miss Brasil. 13 winners have come from the state: the first one in 1956, with Maria José Cardoso, and the last one in 2015, with Marthina Brandt. São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais tie in the vice-leader of the ranking, with eight winners each. Monalysa is the first woman from Piauí to receive the title.

The Miss Universe, the world stage of the contest, will be held in January 2018, still without a host country and date set.

Note from BW of Brazil: In the piece below, that appeared online shortly after Monalysa took the crown in her state, we see that growing up, she faced many of the same challenges facing Afro-Brazilian women living in a racist, class-oriented country. Seeing few women who look like her competing in competitions like Miss Brasil, having been indoctrinated into believing that she was not pretty and rejecting her natural hair texture.

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Granddaughter of coconut breaker Miss Piaui 2017 tells of her trajectory from humble childhood to coronation

In an interview with Portal AZ, Monalysa Alcântara tells her life story, dreams and plans for the future.

By Marta Alencar

Miss Piauí Be Emotion 2017 Monalysa Alcântara told her life story, such as the loss of her father when she was five years old, her dream of being a teacher and company administrator, as well as her adventures in Piauí. The new Miss also spoke of her plans for the final phase of the Miss Brasil, which takes place next month in São Paulo.

Despite having achieved the title of Miss Piauí Be Emotion 2017, the young Monalysa Alcântara, only 18 years old, hasn’t forgotten her origins. Even walking high-up on the catwalks, the Miss doesn’t give up walking barefoot on the beaten floor and in the woods when she visits União, the city where her father was born.

Courage, determination, and strength are qualities she claims to have inherited from her father, who passed away when Monalysa was five years old. And it is his characteristics, besides the desire to make a difference, which the young woman declares will lead her to the final phase of the Miss Brasil, to be held on August 19, in Ilhabela, on the north coast of São Paulo, and will be broadcast by Band TV.

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Born in Teresina, Monalysa currently resides in the neighborhood of São Cristovão, on the east side. Her dream of being a model emerged in childhood, but the desire to shine as Miss was born in her teens. “I’ve always wanted to be a model. Even as the dream of being Miss was a distant dream in childhood. Because you didn’t see many black women participating in beauty contests at the time, that’s why I did not really believe that one day I would participate and have a chance to win. At that stage, I also felt very ugly and didn’t like my hair and my thinness. And because of that, I received many nicknames. But it was in my teens that things changed and I assumed my cachos (curls) and my personality. And I sought in fashion, a refuge and a door. And at the age of 16, I began to study, to like beauty contests and walk on the catwalks,” she says.

During the competition for the handing over of the state title promoted by the Band Piauí TV network, Monalysa declared that through the history and the victory of Raíssa Santana in Miss Brasil 2016, she felt motivated to participate in the contest. “If you had such a long period for a black woman to become a Miss Brasil (Raissa was the second black woman to win the contest in history. More than 30 years ago, Deise Nunes won the title and became the first black Miss Brazil), taking into account that the majority of the population is black, there’s still something wrong there and it needs to be changed. It’s not that when I participate I’ll have some kind of quota or favor, I’m not saying that. And when I heard Raíssa tell her story, I and so many other girls recognized each other. I believe that now I can fight equally with the other candidates. And that was one of the reasons I participated in the contest,” she says.

Attributes of the Miss

Even with the death of his father at the age of five, Monalysa says people still praise her character and personality. “My father is my reference. Of course, my mother was and is important to me. She is a lumber supervisor and has many qualities, such as a very strong force, and that has helped her support her children. My father, I hear a lot still today, how honest, simple, humble and how he helped people. And I don’t forget those characteristics, just to base himself on them and pride himself wherever he was. Because I feel so many of his stories, (it’s like) he didn’t die, you know ?! Because we have many things in common, like color. And that’s why I always tried to get inspired by him,” she said.

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Still according to the young woman, the family has always taught her to have tenacity, focus and not give up on dreams. “My family is a great example that I can never give up. And that if you are poor it doesn’t not mean that you can’t ‘rise’ and win in life. My father came from a poor interior and that only now has energy arrived there. My father had the opportunity to win, joined a family, as a child, focused on the area of law, and he studied hard, worked and entered the civil police. He was the proof that you have to battle. My father’s family was very large and very poor. My grandmother was a babassu coconut breaker, and my grandfather was a security guard for a school in Teresina. And it was when my father decided to change his reality and came to Teresina, where he was adopted by his godparents. And here he was able to improve his life and be able to help my uncles. To this day my uncles are very grateful for what my father did for them.”

Monalysa dreams of being a teacher

From the example and the overcoming of her father, Monalysa declares that she has always believed in education and therefore hopes to one day be a teacher. “I believe in education and I believe it can save Brazil. Of course, that dream was dropped at this time, because I’m focused on other projects, but it’s my dream and I still want to work with it and bring knowledge to many people. And I think that being a Miss I can take that too,” she said. The young woman is already admitted in the course of Business Administration and believes that the area is essential for life. “It’s a course that will help me a lot, mainly because I plan to build my own and work with beauty. Also because I want to learn as much to run my business as my life,” she adds.

The beauty from Piauí speaks on how she maintains her beauty and spends up to two hours taking care of her hair

The beauty and charm of the mulher negra (black woman) distributed in a sculptural body of 58kg (128 lbs.) and 1.77m (5’9 1/2″). And it was these physical attributes, besides the beautiful smile, that made the Teresina native stand out in front of the other finalists in the state dispute. That’s why as for beauty tips, Monalysa confesses that she spends more than two hours caring for her hair.

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“If there’s one thing I know and I like to do is take care of my hair. Sometimes I take one or even two hours, just taking care of the hair and I don’t get tired of doing it. Because my hair is a way of expressing myself. So I always look for creams for cabelos cacheados(curly hair) to moisturize it a bit. Because hydration is life, mainly because of our climate. In addition, I use oils to balance oiliness and specific products,” she says.

But she adds that she does not use a comb for her hair. “I use the fork comb (pick) to give it volume, but the comb itself I don’t use because it breaks the curly hair too much. I use my fingers and some techniques that I learned with the YouTube tutorials. So I tell the girls to follow these tutorials to have healthy hair.”

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Miss Piauí 2017 also says that she drinks a lot of liquid and that she is always careful to remove her makeup to keep her skin healthy. “It is very important to take care of the skin, like the lips. I confess I did not have this habit of moisturizing my lips.”

From the title of Miss Piaui, Monalysa Alcântara declares that she didn’t have time to rest. “I’ve still been at a loss since the confinement. And now I have made a battery of visits and several interviews. And all this is important for spreading and to unite Piauí in this battle. Because I believe that I will only play a good role in the final phase of Miss Brasil, if I count on the unity and strength of my state. Of course, there are still other questions, such as English courses, oratory training, a lot of research and more understanding of current affairs in the country. My preparation is based on this,” she says.

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When asked about her best quality, Monalysa declares that she is not wanting to be like other people and making a difference. “I’ve always liked being different and making a difference. Do something new and innovate.” Meanwhile, her biggest defect is forgetfulness. “I forget many objects, but I’m very determined and I like to learn, so that’s why I decided to buy an agenda so I don’t forget anything else,” she confesses.

The Miss is also inspired by the model of the Victoria’s Secrets international brand, Laís Ribeiro, who is also from Piauí. She also enjoys listening to rapper Karol Conka, practicing volleyball and eating Maria Isabel (see note one).

Source: Diário Catarinense, Portal AZ, Correio 24 Horas

Note

  1. Maria Isabel is a typical food from the northeast and center-west region of Brazil, which consists of a mixed rice with dried meat. It’s also served with banana farofa.

This is interesting, she's very beautiful. Doubtful that it furthers anything there. Didn't the other black girl have her title stripped away?
 

Yehuda

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The Caribbean Is Poised To Become The Next Major Oil Region

By Haley Zaremba - Aug 22, 2017, 12:00 PM CDT

In the future, we may be hearing about the Caribbean a whole lot more when talking about oil and gas. Previously, the area was virtually off the map for the fossil fuels industry, despite its proximity to the vast oil reserves of Venezuela. Now, the Caribbean has suddenly become a point of interest since ExxonMobil discovered major reservoirs in nearby Guyana in 2015.

After their initial huge discovery of the Liza oil field 2 years ago, Exxonmobil also announced last month that they’ve discovered more oil in the Payara reservoir off the coast of Guyana, increasing the total discovery to approximately 500 million barrels. This is huge news for both Exxonmobil and for Guyana, which ranks among the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere.

ExxonMobil (partnered with Hess Corp. and Statoil) has also recently purchased a new deepwater block for exploration off the coast of neighboring Suriname, another potentially oil-filled nation. Some in the industry are already referring to the Guyana-Suriname Basin as the next big oil region.

Now, those good fortunes could be spreading to the Caribbean as well. Trinidad and Tobago has long been the Caribbean’s largest oil and gas producer. The nation has depended economically on their petroleum reserves since the 1990s, with the energy sector currently comprising 34.9 percent of the country’s GDP. However, more recently the small island-nation’s production has been in decline as production from mature fields has waned and exploration for new fields has been slow in starting. Now, Trinidad and Tobago is hoping that the discoveries in nearby Guyana will bring more interest and investment to the Caribbean.

It’s looking like Trinidad and Tobago will get their wish. Just this month BP Trinidad and Tobago announced two major discoveries totaling approximately two trillion cubic feet (tcf) of gas, which the company’s president called “the start of a rejuvenated exploration program on the Trinidad shelf”.

Related: Despite Sanctions, Qatar Outpaces Saudi Arabia In Economic Growth

Similarly encouraged by the massive discoveries in Guyana over the last few years and the foreign interest it has garnered, several other Caribbean nations are beginning to assert themselves as potentially oil-rich countries and attempting to woo foreign companies to start investing in exploration around their islands. One of the biggest examples of this is Jamaica, who have recently caught the attention of UK-based Tullow Oil.

Last week Tullow announced plans to return to offshore locations off the southern coast of Jamaica to explore a field of “live oil” that was brought to their attention by local fisherman earlier this year. The firm will ramp up their 3D seismic surveys this year in hopes that the floating oil will lead them to vast oil fields the likes of their neighbors to the south and the nearby Gulf of Mexico.

The Bahamas has also recently publicized their plans to invite international companies to drill in deep waters off the coast, pointing not only to Guyana and the Gulf, but also to neighboring Cuba’s oil reserves as an indication of what treasures may be laying under the surface of the sparkling Caribbean Sea.

Exploration of oil reserves in the Caribbean may also soon be ramped up and revolutionized by major technological advancements from Ursa Space Systems. The high-tech company has announced a planned expansion to take a global oil inventory, with the Caribbean as one of its first major surveyed regions. Ursa will use satellite imagery to provide reliable and independent weekly inventories of oil stocks down to the tank level for easy calculations and better insight on oil supply and demand, especially in areas of the world where there has previously not been readily-available data.

The Caribbean Is Poised To Become The Next Major Oil Region | OilPrice.com
 
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BigMan

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The Caribbean Is Poised To Become The Next Major Oil Region

By Haley Zaremba - Aug 22, 2017, 12:00 PM CDT

In the future, we may be hearing about the Caribbean a whole lot more when talking about oil and gas. Previously, the area was virtually off the map for the fossil fuels industry, despite its proximity to the vast oil reserves of Venezuela. Now, the Caribbean has suddenly become a point of interest since ExxonMobil discovered major reservoirs in nearby Guyana in 2015.

After their initial huge discovery of the Liza oil field 2 years ago, Exxonmobil also announced last month that they’ve discovered more oil in the Payara reservoir off the coast of Guyana, increasing the total discovery to approximately 500 million barrels. This is huge news for both Exxonmobil and for Guyana, which ranks among the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere.

ExxonMobil (partnered with Hess Corp. and Statoil) has also recently purchased a new deepwater block for exploration off the coast of neighboring Suriname, another potentially oil-filled nation. Some in the industry are already referring to the Guyana-Suriname Basin as the next big oil region.

Now, those good fortunes could be spreading to the Caribbean as well. Trinidad and Tobago has long been the Caribbean’s largest oil and gas producer. The nation has depended economically on their petroleum reserves since the 1990s, with the energy sector currently comprising 34.9 percent of the country’s GDP. However, more recently the small island-nation’s production has been in decline as production from mature fields has waned and exploration for new fields has been slow in starting. Now, Trinidad and Tobago is hoping that the discoveries in nearby Guyana will bring more interest and investment to the Caribbean.

It’s looking like Trinidad and Tobago will get their wish. Just this month BP Trinidad and Tobago announced two major discoveries totaling approximately two trillion cubic feet (tcf) of gas, which the company’s president called “the start of a rejuvenated exploration program on the Trinidad shelf”.

Related: Despite Sanctions, Qatar Outpaces Saudi Arabia In Economic Growth

Similarly encouraged by the massive discoveries in Guyana over the last few years and the foreign interest it has garnered, several other Caribbean nations are beginning to assert themselves as potentially oil-rich countries and attempting to woo foreign companies to start investing in exploration around their islands. One of the biggest examples of this is Jamaica, who have recently caught the attention of UK-based Tullow Oil.

Last week Tullow announced plans to return to offshore locations off the southern coast of Jamaica to explore a field of “live oil” that was brought to their attention by local fisherman earlier this year. The firm will ramp up their 3D seismic surveys this year in hopes that the floating oil will lead them to vast oil fields the likes of their neighbors to the south and the nearby Gulf of Mexico.

The Bahamas has also recently publicized their plans to invite international companies to drill in deep waters off the coast, pointing not only to Guyana and the Gulf, but also to neighboring Cuba’s oil reserves as an indication of what treasures may be laying under the surface of the sparkling Caribbean Sea.

Exploration of oil reserves in the Caribbean may also soon be ramped up and revolutionized by major technological advancements from Ursa Space Systems. The high-tech company has announced a planned expansion to take a global oil inventory, with the Caribbean as one of its first major surveyed regions. Ursa will use satellite imagery to provide reliable and independent weekly inventories of oil stocks down to the tank level for easy calculations and better insight on oil supply and demand, especially in areas of the world where there has previously not been readily-available data.

The Caribbean Is Poised To Become The Next Major Oil Region | OilPrice.com
Almost click bait title
 

Yehuda

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Quilombolas’ community land rights under attack by Brazilian ruralists

by Sue Branford on 25 August 2017

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The future of these Quilombola children, and others like them across Brazil, may depend on the outcome of the legal battle now underway in the Supreme Court, a fight launched by ruralists challenging quilombo land claims. Photo by Carol Gayao under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license

  • Four million African slaves were transported to Brazilian plantations. Many fled into the wild, some as far as the Amazon, and established quilombos — runaway slave communities long ignored by the federal and state governments.
  • Brazil’s 1988 constitution gave the quilombos legal land rights, which were not, however, recognized by the ruralists, an elite of wealthy landholders that coveted the land for agribusiness, mining and other development purposes.
  • In 2003, the “marco temporal,” requiring Quilombolas to prove that they occupied the land they are claiming both in 1888 (the year slavery was abolished) and in 1988 (the year of the new constitution) was overturned. Quilombos were granted inalienable community land rights.
  • Now, a long dormant court challenge by the DEM political party has reached Brazil’s Supreme Court, threatening the 2003 landmark ruling, again putting the Quilombolas at risk. Meanwhile, violence is up, with 13 people living in quilombos assassinated this year.
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A protest against the “marco temporal” requiring quilombos to prove their existence in 1888 (the year slavery was abolished) and 1988 (the year of the new constitution). Quilombos were granted inalienable community land rights in 2003, but the ruralists, emboldened by Pres. Temer’s rise to power, recently challenged that ruling. Photo courtesy of Instituto Humanitas Unisinos

With the recent onslaught of initiatives launched by Brazil’s wealthy ruralist elite to undo environmental and indigenous protections so as to seize more land for agribusiness, the plight of the Quilombolas — the people living in the remote hinterland communities set up by Afro-Brazilians, largely runaway slaves — has received little press.

Yet for Quilombola communities, the consequences of a legal action challenging their land rights, awaiting judgement in Brazil’s Supreme Court, could be dramatic and devastating.

Between the 16th to 19th centuries, an estimated four million Africans were transported from Africa to work as slaves on Brazil’s estates. Some escaped, fleeing slavery’s brutality, and determined to preserve their African cultural heritage, which had been fiercely repressed during captivity.

They avoided recapture by living unobtrusively in isolated regions, as far away as the Amazon, carving out homes in the rainforest. Having little contact with the outside world, some only learned of Brazil’s official abolition of slavery in 1888 decades after the event.

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Traditional inhabitants in the Quilombo of Paracatu in Minas Gerais state. The clash between the Quilombolas’ land claims and the counter claims of the ruralist elite have turned violent this year, with 13 people living in quilombos assassinated. Six of the 13 were leaders playing a key role in on going land conflicts. In 2016, there was only one death. Photo courtesy of Wikipedia

The Quilombolas — who had worked for centuries to hide their existence — were, after emancipation, a widely forgotten people and ignored in wider Brazilian society.

The nation’s new 1988 constitution became a watershed for the Quilombolas, just as it did for indigenous people. The document, coming as the country moved from military dictatorship to democracy, “defined [ethnic collective] rights that had been disregarded before, because the legal [individual and private property] norms had reinforced a unilateral, white and exclusionary narrative,” said anthropologist Janaina Campos Lobo.

Quilombolas began emerging from the forest, demanding their land rights be officially recognized.

But progress was very slow. The Coordination of the Articulation of Quilombola Black Communities (Conaq), a social movement that emerged early in this century to defend the Quilombolas, reports that a mere 9.7 percent of the 5,000 quilombos (as the communities occupied by the Quilombolas are known) have received definitive land titles. That uncertainty has put some communities — located on rich soils coveted by agribusiness or atop valuable mineral deposits — at grave risk.

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French painter Jean-Baptiste Debret (1768-1848) was one of the few artists to portray the cruel reality of slavery in Brazil. Image courtesy of Wikipedia

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The Brazilian martial dance, capoeira, is believed to have been invented in the Quilombo de Pamares. Quilombola Traditions have become part of Brazil’s rich multi-ethnic cultural heritage. Image courtesy of Wikipedia


A major setback occurred at the beginning of this century when the Fernando Henrique Cardoso government passed Decree 3.912/2001 which required the communities to prove that they and their ancestors had lived continuously on the land they claimed from 1888, the year slavery was abolished, to 1988, the year of the new constitution. The decree also stipulated that only individual land deeds could be issued — not communal ownership deeds.

This so-called marco temporal, or time limit, excluded numerous existing quilombos. Many descendants of slaves claimed land from which they’d been violently evicted before 1988. Others had established quilombos after the 1888 end of slavery as a way of combatting repression they continued to face in the 20thcentury. The decree also went against the spirit of the 1988 Constitution, which for the first time recognized collective property ownership.

An important land rights breakthrough for the Quilombolas came under the progressive Lula government. In 2003, it issued a new decree, Decreto 4.887, abolishing the marco temporal, and establishing that the communities possessed inalienable rights, and should be granted sufficient land to guarantee physical and cultural continuity. The decree also set up a working group, with Quilombola representatives, in accordance with the International Labour Organization’s Convention 169, ratified by Brazil, which rules that traditional communities must be consulted with respect to legal and administrative matters affecting them.

But Lula’s decree has never been accepted by Brazil’s rural elite or right-wing political parties, particularly one of the largest, the DEM, previously known as the Liberal Front Party (PFL).

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Quilombola women. The quilombos — communities of descendants of runaway slaves — are fiercely proud of their African culture and tradition. Photo by Antônio Cruz / Agencia Brasil

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A home in Quilombo da Caçandoca on the Brazilian coast. The former site of a coffee plantation worked by slaves, the community was settled by Quilombolas after slavery’s abolition in 1888. The quilombo has survived despite numerous threats brought by the construction of the BR-101 highway and multiple land claim conflicts. Photo by Ubatuba Ícaro Gimenez under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license

The DEM argues that the quilombos have been given the right to arbitrarily decide for themselves which land is theirs. “The DEM isn’t against giving land to quilombos,” explained Fabricio Medeiros, the DEM lawyer, but the party wants historical and anthropological criteria to be taken into account. “Without ignoring the legitimate right of the Quilombolas to land, we must recognize that there exist other interests that must be considered.”

In response, Juliana de Paula Batista, the attorney for the NGO Instituto Socioambiental (ISA), notes that strict standards are already taken into account: “Communities must satisfy a set of demanding historical and anthropological criteria before they can state which land they want,” she said. “I have no doubt that there is a strong element of racial discrimination in this legal action by DEM.”

Fernando Prioste, a lawyer for another NGO, Terra de Direitos, states his view bluntly: “The DEM can be considered a political descendant of yesterday’s slave owners.”

In 2004, the DEM went to court to annul Lula’s decree, but that legal action has languished in the Supreme Court ever since. However, in recent months the annulment request has moved up the political agenda, probably because of the unprecedented power now of the ruralist lobby in President Michel Temer’s government.

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A home in Quilombo São José da Serra. The community, formed around 1850, is made up of descendants of slaves transported to Brazil from Africa. Photo by Halley Pacheco de Oliveira under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license

It is likely that the DEM believes that in today’s agribusiness and mining friendly political climate, the Supreme Court could well rule in the party’s favor. The action was due to be judged on 16 August, but at the last moment was taken off the agenda by the Supreme Court, because one of the ministers involved in the case was absent due to a health problem. A new date has not yet been set.

Meanwhile, the process for marking out quilombo land boundaries has come to a complete standstill. BBC Brasil reported earlier this year that Temer’s Chief-of-Staff sent instructions to INCRA (the federal National Colonization and Agrarian Reform Institute) for all work on quilombos’ demarcation be halted, pending the Supreme Court’s verdict. The result is a big backlog in land rights claims. According to the São Paulo Pro-Indian Commission (CPI-SP), INCRA is now sitting on 1,675 demands from Quilombolas for land.

Fearful that the Supreme Court could reintroduce the marco temporal, or even question the fundamental legality of the quilombos, the communities have mobilized. On 15 August, Conaq delivered a petition to the Supreme Court signed by more than 70,000 people in defense of Lula’s decree establishing the inalienable land rights of quilombos.

But, thanks to the uncertainty, and the growing confidence of elite ruralists emboldened by a potential victory, violence has soared. According to Conaq, from January to August of this year, 13 people living in quilombos were assassinated. Six of the 13 were leaders playing a key role in on going land conflicts. In 2016, there was only one death.

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Bronze head of Zumbi, a Quilombolas hero displayed in Brasilia. Zumbi was raised as a slave, became King of the Quilombo dos Palmares, and as a warrior led a rebellion that eventually proved no match for Portuguese artillery. He was captured and beheaded on November 20, 1695 — now celebrated annually as Dia da Consciência Negra, a day of Afro-Brazilian consciousness. The Quilombolas — descendants of runaway slaves — have fought for community land rights in 5,000 communities scattered across Brazil for more than a century. Photo by Elza Fiúza / ABr

Some of the great epics of Brazilian history spring from the quilombos. The Quilombo de Palmares, for instance, was established gradually in the 17th century as up to 20,000 fugitive slaves, Indians and various outcast groups (including Jews and Muslims) set up a free community in northeastern Brazil in what is today the state of Alagoas.

It took 40 years for the Portuguese to regain control there and Zumbi, who led the Palmares resistance, became a national hero, still venerated by Afro-Brazilians today.

With political pressure and aggression against them rapidly growing, the Quilombolas hope to tap into this historical legacy and to marshal support for their cause. But, demoralized by the rural elite’s political strength, and the government’s apparent indifference to public opinion, mobilization will not be easy.

Quilombolas’ community land rights under attack by Brazilian ruralists
 

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Jamaica Turns to Farming Seaweed as Fish Stocks Decline

Published 26 August 2017

New harvest encourages marine life and improves the catch across the region.

In face of climate change and dwindling earnings, Jamaican fisherman Ceylon Clayton began a sea moss growing project, which brought new opportunities to his community.

RELATED: St. Kitts and Nevis Promote Sustainable Tourism by Adapting to Climate Change

Clayton is one of the many thousands of fishers in the Caribbean who are part of the fishing industry that earns around US$2 billion a year. But experts said the industry is already fully developed or over-exploited.

When the community could no longer support their families fishing on the narrow Negril shelf in western Jamaica or fish in deeper waters, they began farming seaweed.

Clayton said within two and a half years after they started the project, there was a noticeable increase in the number and size of lobsters being caught from the bay.

“When we were harvesting the sea moss we noticed that there were lots of young lobsters, shrimp and juvenile fish in the roots. They were eating there and the big fish were also coming back into the bay to eat the small fish,” Clayton said.

Not only is the seaweed thriving and teeming with marine life, it is also improving fishing in around Little Bay and the neighbouring villages. Clayton said more success could come from growing, processing and effectively marketing the product.

Two years ago, Clayton and others ran out of money to protect their “nursery” and preserve the recovery. Now they want to build on their previous trade under the climate change adaptation project implemented across the region by the Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre (CCCCC).

“The project seeks to minimise the adverse impacts from climate change by restoring the protective services offered by natural eco-systems like coastal mangrove forests and coral reefs in some areas, while restoring and building man-made structures such as groynes and revetments in others,” said Robert Kerr, technical consultant to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

RELATED: Nearly Half of Colombia's Ecosystems at Risk of Collapse: Study

The Caribbean is heavily dependent on tourism and other marine services and industries that are expected to be heavily impacted by climate change.

“The seas, reefs and coasts on which all Caribbean people depend are under threat from coral bleaching, ocean acidification, rising sea temperature, and storms,” the Caribbean Marine Climate Change Report Card 2017.

Aside from Jamaica, Grenada, Saint Lucia and St. Vincent as well as the Grenadines, are beneficiaries under the project, which received a US$15.4 million grant funding from the German Development Bank (KfW).

The project will end in 2018, by when all beneficiaries would be well on their way to achieving both the community's and the project’s goal.

“The project is a demonstration of Germany’s commitment to assisting the region’s vulnerable communities to withstand the impacts of climate change,” said Jens Mackensen, KfW’s head of Agriculture and Natural Resources Division for Latin America and Caribbean.

Jamaica Turns to Farming Seaweed as Fish Stocks Decline
 

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Colombia Miners End Strike After Agreement With Government

Published 31 August 2017

The strike, which lasted 42 days, was marked by clashes between police and miners, resulting in three people dead and several injured.

Miners from Colombia’s Segovia and Remedios municipalities have reached an agreement with the government, ending a 42-day strike against proposed mining policies.

RELATED: Colombian Towns Shut Down Mining Initiatives in Voting Booths

The strike, which began on July 21 in the Antioquia department, was organized in rejection of legislation that would have favored large foreign companies instead of local artisanal and ancestral mining. The protesters, predominantly Indigenous and Black campesinos, demanded that the Senate withdraw Bill 190, which they claimed would affect the businesses of traditional miners in the region.

Over 10,000 Colombian miners began protesting against the expansion plans of multinational mining companies.

With the agreement, local miners will now be able to continue working legally as they will be officially recognized by the country’s Mining Bureau. They will also receive funds for workplace safety and other services, in accordance with their demands.

Colombian Deputy Mining Minister Carlos Cante said he hopes the deal will put an end to the strike — which paralyzed trade, transportation and classes in the two municipalities — in the next few hours.

Cante added that before lifting the strike, representatives of the Mining Bureau will travel to Segovia and Remedios to discuss the agreed-upon points with residents.

Clashes between police and miners resulted in three people dead and several injured, as well as cases of alleged repression by Colombian anti-riot police, known as ESMAD.

Colombia Miners End Strike After Agreement With Government
 
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Danie84

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Shame on me for now just discovering El Roockie/Kafu Banton/Choc Quib Town:ohhh:

...lowkey a 90s Kid still rocks DLG & El Eneral:jawalrus:

Can my Coli hermanos recommend Espanol Reggae/Rap/House albums worth checking:lupe:
 

richmondGeek

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Shame on me for now just discovering El Roockie/Kafu Banton/Choc Quib Town:ohhh:

...lowkey a 90s Kid still rocks DLG & El Eneral:jawalrus:

Can my Coli hermanos recommend Espanol Reggae/Rap/House albums worth checking:lupe:
Check out:
Tego Calderon (Puerto Rico) ((Very Pro-Black, he said "F*ck Spain" to his audience's dismay["Loiza"])
Fidel Nadal (Argentina) //Reggae
OneChot (Venezuela) //Reggae


But there are plenty other afro latino groups out their:
Grupo Niche (Colombia)


Afro Venezuelan traditional music (turns up @ :47)
 

grazazaza

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Privatization Made Our Land ‘Little Canada’: Afro-Hondurans

Published 3 August 2017

garifuna.jpg_1718483346.jpg

The Garifuna people of Honduras have lived along the country's Caribbean coast since the 18th century. | Photo: EFE

The Garifuna people of Honduras’ Caribbean coast are fighting neoliberal reforms that force them off of their lands for private tourism companies.

The Black Fraternal Organization of Honduras, Ofraneh, issued a statement on Thursday opposing President Juan Orlando Hernandez’s “Honduras 2020” development plan, claiming it promotes privatization policies which force them off of their ancestral coastal lands.

RELATED: Garifuna Exchange on the Fight for Land: Honduras and Belize

The development plan, imposed by the ruling right-wing National Party, establishes “free trade zones” along the Caribbean coast, enticing foreign tourism companies to construct resorts in the area. The “free trade zones” are constructed in public areas that have belonged to the Garifuna people for hundreds of years.

Hernandez claims the plan is intended to create jobs and improve the economy. Ofraneh, however, reaffirms that it is systematically forcing their people off of their lands.

“The Bay of Trujillo (one of the areas undergoing privatization) is now known as ‘Little Canada’ with the presence of a dozen enclave tourism projects and real estate speculations of Canadian citizens,” Ofraneh said.

“This situation has had severe consequences for our people, who are forced to migrate because of the loss of territory and zero social investment by the government of Honduras.”

Ofraneh also criticized the Tourism Promotion Law, which exempts foreign investors in the area from taxation.

Since the 2009 coup that removed leftist President Manuel Zelaya, the National Party has implemented a “model cities” program across the country, allowing foreign businesses to operate in certain areas without paying taxes or abiding by labor regulations. The program, which preceded the “Honduras 2020” plan, has forced thousands of Black and Indigenous groups off of their lands.

Privatization Made Our Land ‘Little Canada’: Afro-Hondurans
Trujillo is where my family is from they have already started removing garifunas and native pech peoples from their ancestral lands



Canadians have bought land illegally and constructed houses in the mountains where the natives live in reservations




Corrupt govt and CaCs y'all :francis: :mjcry:
 

Yehuda

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Haiti - FLASH : Record transfers from the Diaspora exceed 30% of Haiti's GDP

07/10/2017 09:59:38

According to a World Bank note on migration and development, after two consecutive years of decline, remittances of the diaspora throughout the world saw an increase in 2017 that should expect +3.9% by the end of the year.

With 2.4 billion dollars of transfers from its diaspora (31.2% of its Gross Domestic Product), Haiti ranks 2nd in the Top 5 countries where transfers represent the largest proportion of their GDP. Comparatively, the Dominican Republic received $ 5.7 billion, which represents 8% of its GDP

Haiti - Economy : Competitiveness, Haiti last of the Latin America and Caribbean Region

At the regional level, Haiti is far ahead of Honduras (18.4% of GDP), Jamaica (17.4%), El Salvador (16.7%) and Guatemala (12.2%).

In addition, the World Bank mentions the existence of new migrant flows of Haitians in the region of Latin America in Brazil, Chile and Venezuela.

The World Bank projects that in 2018, in a context of improving the global economy, diaspora remittances are expected to rise again by 3.5%.

SL/ HaitiLibre

Haiti - FLASH : Record, transfers from the Diaspora exceed 30% of Haiti's GDP
 
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