A town in northern Siberia home to 170,000 people has gained the undesirable title of "most depressing city on Earth".
The Russian town of Norilsk in the Krasnoyarsk Krai oblast is closer to the North Pole than it is to Moscow. It is equally far away from Vladivostok and the Pacific making it possibly the most isolated city in Russia. The industrial outpost is so remote there are no road connections. There is only a single freight rail-line to the sea and the port of Dudinka.
According to the Sun who dubbed the city the "most depressing on earth", locals refer to leaving the city as "going to the mainland", when they cross the Noril Skaya river.
Harsh living conditions and Soviet era pollution mean life expectancy is 10 years lower than the national average, already the lowest in Europe.
"In the winter, the snow is also red," said factory worker Evgeny Belikov. Although clear sign of chemical pollution he told ABC the phenomenon is strangely "beautiful".
In June 2020 the Ambaranya River was also dyed blood red following a diesel leak from Norilsk Nickel. The incident was declared a state of emergency and 20,000 tonnes of diesel fuel were thought to have made it into the waterways.