Let's see, some rock suggestions from what I've been listening to lately, as well as the typical retraux:
John Mayall- Bluesbreakers with Eric Clapton
The Yardbirds- Five Live Yardbirds
Seminal British Blues Rock records, introduced Eric Clapton to the world and served as the foundation for your favorite 70s Hard Rock bands.
The Velvet Underground- White Light/White Heat
The Strokes wished they were this good and witty. Ridiculously influential (and funny!) record here.
Iggy and The Stooges- Raw Power
If you can take it (I'm a noise music fetishist) PLEASE get the Iggy Pop 97 master or the unmastered "Rough Power" version. Bowie's master is rushed and misses the entire point of the record.
Gang of Four- Entertainment!
Public Image Ltd.- Second Edition/Metal Box
Every "post-punk revival" band from 2001 on cribbed notes from these two records (Also: ESG). Contains two of my favorite Guitar/Bass combos, as well as one of my favorite guitar sounds ever (the ultra-glassy trying to puncture your ear sound).
The Clash- London Calling
Watershed album here for reggae and dub inspired rock music.
Nirvana- Nevermind and In Utero
Overplayed, overhyped, you already know the deal here. They're still great records. ESPECIALLY In Utero (Warning: It's loud. Really loud.)
The Pixies- Surfer Rosa and Doolittle
If you listen to rock on the radio these days, there's a really annoying, repetitive structure to most of the songs there. These guys are largely responsible for that.
The Contortions/Teenage Jesus and the Jerks/DNA/Mars- No New York
Sonic Youth- EVOL, Sister, Daydream Nation, Goo
The first is a personal favorite record, a collection of No Wave records which were, at the time, a reaction to both overproduced rock of the time as well as the punk records being played in CBGBs and around New York as well (Lydia Lunch of Teenage Jesus and the Jerks once called punk rock nothing but "recycled Chuck Berry riffs"). Noisy, atonal, anti-structured rock records (this also might be a bit tough to get into). Just beautiful stuff. The Sonic Youth stuff is a direct evolution of a lot of the musicianship (or anti-musicianship) on the No New York record.
My Bloody Valentine- Loveless
The Jesus and Mary Chain- Psychocandy
THE records that 75% of bands that blew after 2009 or so have been trying to copy, essentially.
More to come as I think of them, including some 2000s stuff...